Exploratory Pharmacokinetic Study of Pegylated Interferon Alfa-2b Aerosolized Inhalation Administration.

Objective: This study aimed to compare the pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of aerosolized pegylated interferon α-2b (PEG IFNα-2b) with standard interferon α-2b (IFNα-2b) in an animal model, paving the way for further investigation into their pharmacodynamics. Methods: Fifty-six Sprague Dawley rats were divided into 14 groups receiving either PEG IFNα-2b or standard IFNα-2b via aerosolized inhalation into the lower respiratory tract. Each group received a single dose of consistent concentration and volume. Pharmacokinetic parameters such as C_max, T_max, t_1/2, AUC_(0-t), and MRT_(0-t) were evaluated through blood samples and tissue dissection at specified time intervals post-administration. Results: Analysis revealed significantly higher AUC_(0-t) and MRT_(0-t) in the lungs, trachea, and bronchi of the PEG IFNα-2b group compared to the standard IFNα-2b group (p < 0.05), with minimal systemic exposure. Conclusion: Aerosolized PEG IFNα-2b demonstrated increased drug exposure and retention in the lower respiratory tract compared to standard IFNα-2b, suggesting potential therapeutic advantages such as reduced dosing frequency. Further studies are warranted to explore enhanced clinical outcomes.