{"title":"肺炎克雷伯菌临床分离株抗微生物药物耐药性模式、VI型分泌系统和毒力因素的鉴定:一项横断面研究。","authors":"Mohammad Hossein Haddadi, Elahe Taki, Abbas Maleki, Jamshid Mashhadi, Fatemeh Shahi, Maryam Koupaei, Nourkhoda Sadeghifard, Reza Faraji, Melika Moradi, Hassan Valadbeigi, Saeed Khoshnood","doi":"10.1155/ijm/9634257","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> is an opportunistic pathogen linked to a range of severe infections. It is classified into classic <i>K. pneumoniae</i> (cKp) and hypervirulent <i>K. pneumoniae</i> (hvKp) forms, with hvKp showing enhanced virulence. This study examines Type VI secretion system (T6SS) presence and virulence factors in cKp and hvKp strains while assessing antimicrobial resistance. <b>Methods:</b> Eighty-three <i>K. pneumoniae</i> isolates were collected from hospitalized patients in Ilam, Iran, between June and December 2023. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was conducted using the disk diffusion method. Hypervirulent <i>K. pneumoniae</i> isolates were identified by string test, tellurite resistance, and presence of <i>peg-344</i>, <i>iucA</i>, and <i>iutA</i> using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Furthermore, PCR detected virulence, <i>β</i>-lactamases, and T6SS genes. <b>Results:</b> Of 83 isolates, 16.87% and 83.13% were hvKp and cKp, respectively. All isolates were multidrug-resistant (MDR), with 18.07% exhibiting carbapenem resistance. The pattern of antibiotic resistance in hvKp and cKp is not significantly different, except for ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, and azithromycin. Also, there was no significant difference between T6SS-positive and T6SS-negative isolates except for ciprofloxacin. T6SS presence did not significantly correlate with virulence or resistance genes, except for ciprofloxacin resistance (<i>p</i> = 0.0219). <b>Conclusion:</b> Surveillance, infection control, and targeted therapies are essential to combat hypervirulent and drug-resistant <i>K. pneumoniae</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":14098,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Microbiology","volume":"2025 ","pages":"9634257"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2000,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12396918/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Identification of Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns, Type VI Secretion System, and Virulence Factors in Clinical Isolates of <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>: A Cross-Sectional Study.\",\"authors\":\"Mohammad Hossein Haddadi, Elahe Taki, Abbas Maleki, Jamshid Mashhadi, Fatemeh Shahi, Maryam Koupaei, Nourkhoda Sadeghifard, Reza Faraji, Melika Moradi, Hassan Valadbeigi, Saeed Khoshnood\",\"doi\":\"10.1155/ijm/9634257\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p><b>Background:</b> <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> is an opportunistic pathogen linked to a range of severe infections. It is classified into classic <i>K. pneumoniae</i> (cKp) and hypervirulent <i>K. pneumoniae</i> (hvKp) forms, with hvKp showing enhanced virulence. This study examines Type VI secretion system (T6SS) presence and virulence factors in cKp and hvKp strains while assessing antimicrobial resistance. <b>Methods:</b> Eighty-three <i>K. pneumoniae</i> isolates were collected from hospitalized patients in Ilam, Iran, between June and December 2023. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was conducted using the disk diffusion method. Hypervirulent <i>K. pneumoniae</i> isolates were identified by string test, tellurite resistance, and presence of <i>peg-344</i>, <i>iucA</i>, and <i>iutA</i> using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Furthermore, PCR detected virulence, <i>β</i>-lactamases, and T6SS genes. <b>Results:</b> Of 83 isolates, 16.87% and 83.13% were hvKp and cKp, respectively. All isolates were multidrug-resistant (MDR), with 18.07% exhibiting carbapenem resistance. The pattern of antibiotic resistance in hvKp and cKp is not significantly different, except for ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, and azithromycin. Also, there was no significant difference between T6SS-positive and T6SS-negative isolates except for ciprofloxacin. T6SS presence did not significantly correlate with virulence or resistance genes, except for ciprofloxacin resistance (<i>p</i> = 0.0219). <b>Conclusion:</b> Surveillance, infection control, and targeted therapies are essential to combat hypervirulent and drug-resistant <i>K. pneumoniae</i>.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":14098,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"International Journal of Microbiology\",\"volume\":\"2025 \",\"pages\":\"9634257\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":3.2000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-08-22\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12396918/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"International Journal of Microbiology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1155/ijm/9634257\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2025/1/1 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"eCollection\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"MICROBIOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"International Journal of Microbiology","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ijm/9634257","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/1/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"MICROBIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Identification of Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns, Type VI Secretion System, and Virulence Factors in Clinical Isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae: A Cross-Sectional Study.
Background:Klebsiella pneumoniae is an opportunistic pathogen linked to a range of severe infections. It is classified into classic K. pneumoniae (cKp) and hypervirulent K. pneumoniae (hvKp) forms, with hvKp showing enhanced virulence. This study examines Type VI secretion system (T6SS) presence and virulence factors in cKp and hvKp strains while assessing antimicrobial resistance. Methods: Eighty-three K. pneumoniae isolates were collected from hospitalized patients in Ilam, Iran, between June and December 2023. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was conducted using the disk diffusion method. Hypervirulent K. pneumoniae isolates were identified by string test, tellurite resistance, and presence of peg-344, iucA, and iutA using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Furthermore, PCR detected virulence, β-lactamases, and T6SS genes. Results: Of 83 isolates, 16.87% and 83.13% were hvKp and cKp, respectively. All isolates were multidrug-resistant (MDR), with 18.07% exhibiting carbapenem resistance. The pattern of antibiotic resistance in hvKp and cKp is not significantly different, except for ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, and azithromycin. Also, there was no significant difference between T6SS-positive and T6SS-negative isolates except for ciprofloxacin. T6SS presence did not significantly correlate with virulence or resistance genes, except for ciprofloxacin resistance (p = 0.0219). Conclusion: Surveillance, infection control, and targeted therapies are essential to combat hypervirulent and drug-resistant K. pneumoniae.
期刊介绍:
International Journal of Microbiology is a peer-reviewed, Open Access journal that publishes original research articles, review articles, and clinical studies on microorganisms and their interaction with hosts and the environment. The journal covers all microbes, including bacteria, fungi, viruses, archaea, and protozoa. Basic science will be considered, as well as medical and applied research.