纳米技术用于阿尔茨海默病靶向给药的研究进展。

Q3 Medicine
Shubhrat Maheshwari, Pavan Kumar, Vaibhav Dwivedi, Ankita Mishra, Vipul Kumar Singh, Aditya Singh
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引用次数: 0

摘要

阿尔茨海默病(AD)是一种复杂的神经退行性疾病,其特征是进行性认知能力下降和标志性的病理特征,如淀粉样斑块和tau蛋白缠结。尽管有大量的研究,目前的治疗策略仍然主要是对症治疗,在预防或逆转疾病进展方面取得的成功有限。一个主要的挑战是血脑屏障(BBB),它限制了治疗剂向大脑的输送。纳米技术为这些挑战提供了创新的解决方案,使开发针对AD独特病理生理的靶向药物输送系统成为可能。纳米颗粒为阿尔茨海默病的治疗提供了几个优点,包括它们的小尺寸、表面可修饰性和穿越血脑屏障的能力。这些载体可以增强药物稳定性,延长体循环,控制药物释放,减少全身毒性,同时最大限度地提高治疗效果。在各种方法中,靶向AD的配体功能化纳米颗粒有望促进病理聚集物的清除,潜在地减缓疾病进展并减轻神经毒性。脂质体、聚合纳米颗粒、树状大分子和外泌体是值得注意的纳米载体,它们已被成功地设计用于递送一系列治疗药物,包括抗淀粉样蛋白药物、神经保护化合物和基因治疗。最近的进展还强调刺激反应型纳米载体可以根据特定的病理线索释放药物,进一步提高治疗精度。本文深入研究了纳米技术用于阿尔茨海默病治疗的最新进展,以及这些创新系统克服阿尔茨海默病治疗长期障碍的潜力,并为更有效和更有针对性的干预铺平了道路。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Advances in Nanotechnology for Targeted Drug Delivery in Alzheimer's Disease.

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a complex neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive cognitive decline and hallmark pathological features, such as amyloid-beta plaques and tau protein tangles. Despite substantial research, current therapeutic strategies remain primarily symptomatic, with limited success in preventing or reversing disease progression. One major challenge is the Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB), which restricts the delivery of therapeutic agents to the brain. Nanotechnology provides innovative solutions to these challenges by enabling the development of targeted drug delivery systems tailored to AD's unique pathophysiology. Nanoparticles offer several advantages for AD therapy, including their small size, surface modifiability, and the ability to traverse the BBB. These carriers can enhance drug stability, prolong systemic circulation, and enable controlled drug release, reducing systemic toxicity while maximizing therapeutic efficacy. Among various approaches, nanoparticles functionalized with ligands targeting AD show promise in promoting the clearance of pathological aggregates, potentially slowing disease progression and alleviating neurotoxicity. Liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, dendrimers, and exosomes are notable nanocarriers that have been successfully engineered to deliver a range of therapeutic agents, including anti-amyloid drugs, neuroprotective compounds, and gene therapies. Recent advancements also emphasize stimulus-responsive nanocarriers that release drugs in response to specific pathological cues, further enhancing treatment precision. This article delves into the most recent advancements in nanotechnology for AD therapy, and the potential of these innovative systems to overcome long-standing barriers in AD treatment and paving the way for more effective and targeted interventions.

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来源期刊
Current aging science
Current aging science Medicine-Geriatrics and Gerontology
CiteScore
3.90
自引率
0.00%
发文量
40
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