整合多组学方法治疗急性髓性白血病(AML):进展和临床意义。

IF 3.5 4区 医学 Q2 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL
Hamed Soleimani Samarkhazan
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引用次数: 0

摘要

急性髓系白血病(AML)是一种高度异质性和侵袭性的血液系统恶性肿瘤,其特征是髓系前体的克隆增殖。尽管基因组分析和靶向治疗取得了重大进展,但由于疾病的复杂性、耐药机制和高复发率,患者的预后仍然不理想。多组学方法的整合——跨越基因组学、表观基因组学、转录组学、蛋白质组学和代谢组学——已经彻底改变了AML研究,提供了对白血病发生、肿瘤异质性和治疗脆弱性的全面理解。最近的研究利用高通量测序、质谱分析和先进的计算工具发现了新的生物标志物、克隆进化动力学和微环境相互作用,这些相互作用驱动AML的进展和耐药性。例如,单细胞多组学已经揭示了化疗耐药的白血病干细胞群,而蛋白质基因组学分析已经确定了可操作的靶点,如MCL1和代谢依赖性如OXPHOS。在临床上,集成的组学平台正在细化风险分层、最小残留病(MRD)监测和个性化治疗选择。然而,诸如数据集成复杂性、成本障碍和道德考虑等挑战仍然存在。这篇综述强调了多组学在AML中的变革潜力,强调了最近在技术、生物标志物发现和治疗创新方面的进展。通过弥合分子见解和临床实践之间的差距,多组学整合有望重新定义AML管理,为精确肿瘤学铺平道路,改善患者预后。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Integrating multi-omics approaches in acute myeloid leukemia (AML): Advancements and clinical implications.

Integrating multi-omics approaches in acute myeloid leukemia (AML): Advancements and clinical implications.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a highly heterogeneous and aggressive hematologic malignancy characterized by clonal proliferation of myeloid precursors. Despite significant advancements in genomic profiling and targeted therapies, patient outcomes remain suboptimal due to disease complexity, resistance mechanisms, and high relapse rates. The integration of multi-omics approaches-spanning genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics-has revolutionized AML research, offering a comprehensive understanding of leukemogenesis, tumor heterogeneity, and therapeutic vulnerabilities. Recent studies leveraging high-throughput sequencing, mass spectrometry, and advanced computational tools have uncovered novel biomarkers, clonal evolution dynamics, and microenvironmental interactions that drive AML progression and resistance. For instance, single-cell multi-omics has revealed chemotherapy-resistant leukemic stem cell populations, while proteogenomic analyses have identified actionable targets such as MCL1 and metabolic dependencies like OXPHOS. Clinically, integrated omics platforms are refining risk stratification, minimal residual disease (MRD) monitoring, and personalized therapy selection. However, challenges such as data integration complexity, cost barriers, and ethical considerations remain. This review highlights the transformative potential of multi-omics in AML, emphasizing recent advancements in technology, biomarker discovery, and therapeutic innovation. By bridging the gap between molecular insights and clinical practice, multi-omics integration promises to redefine AML management, paving the way for precision oncology and improved patient outcomes.

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来源期刊
Clinical and Experimental Medicine
Clinical and Experimental Medicine 医学-医学:研究与实验
CiteScore
4.80
自引率
2.20%
发文量
159
审稿时长
2.5 months
期刊介绍: Clinical and Experimental Medicine (CEM) is a multidisciplinary journal that aims to be a forum of scientific excellence and information exchange in relation to the basic and clinical features of the following fields: hematology, onco-hematology, oncology, virology, immunology, and rheumatology. The journal publishes reviews and editorials, experimental and preclinical studies, translational research, prospectively designed clinical trials, and epidemiological studies. Papers containing new clinical or experimental data that are likely to contribute to changes in clinical practice or the way in which a disease is thought about will be given priority due to their immediate importance. Case reports will be accepted on an exceptional basis only, and their submission is discouraged. The major criteria for publication are clarity, scientific soundness, and advances in knowledge. In compliance with the overwhelmingly prevailing request by the international scientific community, and with respect for eco-compatibility issues, CEM is now published exclusively online.
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