A decade of migrasome research: biogenesis, physiological functions, and disease implications

Since their first report a decade ago, our understanding of migrasomes — specialized organelles initially identified in migrating cells—has advanced considerably. Researchers have elucidated key aspects of migrasome biology, including the mechanisms of their biogenesis, their roles in cellular physiology, and their implications in various diseases. Concurrently, the development of a robust toolkit for migrasome analysis has transformed these structures from mere microscopy curiosities into central players in an emerging field with significant impact on cell biology, developmental biology, immunology, and disease pathology. This review provides a comprehensive summary of current insights into migrasome biology, with a particular focus on the molecular mechanisms governing their formation and their established cellular and physiological functions. In addition, we highlight the current challenges and unresolved questions that continue to shape and propel future research in this exciting area of study.