青年期使用3,4-亚甲基二氧基甲基苯丙胺（MDMA）与35岁左右的焦虑或抑郁障碍之间的关系：来自维多利亚青少年健康队列研究的发现

IF 5.3 1区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Addiction Pub Date : 2025-08-28 DOI:10.1111/add.70173

Zachary Bryant, Kirsten Morley, Jessica A Kerr, Craig A Olsson, Tim Slade

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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景和目的：MDMA（3,4-亚甲基二氧基甲基苯丙胺或“摇头丸”）是全球第四大使用的非法物质。虽然之前的研究发现了MDMA使用与心理健康结果之间的联系，但这种关系的方向和性质仍不清楚。这项研究评估了在成年早期使用MDMA是否会增加35岁左右焦虑或抑郁的风险。设计：一项以人群为基础的纵向研究，采用双稳健反概率处理加权回归分析，一种当代混杂校正技术，研究成年早期（20-29岁）使用MDMA与35岁时随后的焦虑或抑郁之间的关系。背景：澳大利亚维多利亚。参与者：数据来自维多利亚青少年健康队列研究（VAHCS），该研究于1992年开始，从44所维多利亚学校中选取了1943名9年级学生（14-15岁）作为全州代表性样本。本文使用的数据是从第2波到第10波（15-35岁）收集的。测量：在7-9波（20-29岁）中，MDMA使用分为任意使用、持续使用（无、一波、两波或更多波）和频繁使用（无、不频繁、频繁）。第10波（35岁）的结果是12个月的重度抑郁症和焦虑症的诊断，使用综合国际诊断访谈（CIDI）进行评估。研究发现：几乎没有证据表明成年早期使用MDMA与35岁左右的抑郁症有任何关系；然而，与非MDMA使用者相比，报告过去12个月使用MDMA的人患焦虑症的调整后几率更高[比值比（OR) = 1.73, 95%可信区间(CI) = 1.12-2.68），持续使用MDMA两次或两次以上（OR = 2.05, 95% CI = 1.07-3.94），以及不频繁（OR = 2.11, 95% CI = 1.14-3.92）和频繁使用MDMA （OR = 2.56, 95% CI = 1.15-5.71）。结论：在成年早期使用MDMA（3,4-亚甲基二氧基甲基苯丙胺或“摇头丸”）似乎与30岁左右患焦虑症的几率增加有关，但与抑郁症的几率无关。

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The relationship between 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) use in young adulthood and anxiety or depressive disorders in the mid-30s: Findings from the Victorian Adolescent Health Cohort Study.

Background and aims: MDMA (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine or "Ecstasy") is the fourth-most used illicit substance globally. While previous research found links between MDMA use and mental health outcomes, the direction and nature of this relationship remain unclear. This study assessed whether MDMA use in early adulthood increases the risk of anxiety or depression in mid-30s.

Design: A longitudinal, population-based study using doubly robust inverse probability treatment weighted regression analysis, a contemporary confounder adjustment technique, to examine the relationship between MDMA use in early adulthood (age 20-29) and subsequent anxiety or depression at age 35.

Setting: Victoria, Australia.

Participants: Data were drawn from the Victorian Adolescent Health Cohort Study (VAHCS), which began in 1992 with a statewide representative sample of 1943 Year 9 students (aged 14-15) from 44 Victorian schools. This paper uses data collected from wave 2 to wave 10 (ages 15-35).

Measurements: Across waves 7-9 (ages 20-29), MDMA use was categorised as any use, persistent use (none, one wave, two or more waves) and frequent use (none, infrequent, frequent). Wave 10 (age 35) outcomes were 12-month diagnoses of major depressive disorder and anxiety disorders assessed using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI).

Findings: There was little evidence linking any pattern of MDMA use in early adulthood with depressive disorders by the mid-30s; however, compared with non-MDMA users, the adjusted odds of an anxiety disorder were higher in those who reported past 12-month MDMA use [odds ratio (OR) = 1.73, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.12-2.68), persistent MDMA use at two or more waves (OR = 2.05, 95% CI = 1.07-3.94), as well as infrequent (OR = 2.11, 95% CI = 1.14-3.92) and frequent MDMA use (OR = 2.56, 95% CI = 1.15-5.71).

Conclusions: MDMA use (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine or "Ecstasy") in early adulthood appears to be associated with increased odds of anxiety disorders but not depressive disorder by the mid-30s.

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来源期刊

Addiction 医学-精神病学

CiteScore

10.80

自引率

6.70%

发文量

319

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： Addiction publishes peer-reviewed research reports on pharmacological and behavioural addictions, bringing together research conducted within many different disciplines. Its goal is to serve international and interdisciplinary scientific and clinical communication, to strengthen links between science and policy, and to stimulate and enhance the quality of debate. We seek submissions that are not only technically competent but are also original and contain information or ideas of fresh interest to our international readership. We seek to serve low- and middle-income (LAMI) countries as well as more economically developed countries. Addiction’s scope spans human experimental, epidemiological, social science, historical, clinical and policy research relating to addiction, primarily but not exclusively in the areas of psychoactive substance use and/or gambling. In addition to original research, the journal features editorials, commentaries, reviews, letters, and book reviews.