Comparative Analysis of Flame Retardant and Mechanical Properties of Different Resin-Based Fiber-Reinforced Composites

The need for flame-retardant materials with good mechanical properties is rapidly growing across numerous sectors, such as construction, automobile, and aerospace industries. In this research, a comprehensive study has been conducted focusing on flame retardant and mechanical characteristics of distinct resin-based fiber-reinforced composites. Glass and sisal fiber-based woven fabrics have been used as reinforcements in four different types of resin matrices, such as epoxy, vinyl ester, unsaturated polyester, and phenolic resins. The developed composites were systematically evaluated for their flame-retardant properties using limiting oxygen index (LOI), vertical flammability, and cone calorimetry tests, with a focus on assessing the inherent flame resistance of the resins without the incorporation of flame-retardant additives. In parallel, the mechanical behavior of the composites was examined through tensile and flexural testing to determine the combined effects of fiber type and resin matrix. The findings demonstrate that different resin-based composites provide an optimal balance between flame retardancy and mechanical strength, making them suitable for applications requiring both fire safety and structural reliability. The insights gained from this research contribute to the development of new composite materials with enhanced fire performance without compromising mechanical performance.