{"title":"在社区居住的无痴呆老年人中，幻想幻觉和相关的低区域灰质体积：Arakawa 65+研究","authors":"Hana Nishida, Shogyoku Bun, Ryo Shikimoto, Hisashi Kida, Kouta Suzuki, Akihiro Takamiya, Jinichi Hirano, Hidehito Niimura, Hiroyuki Uchida, Masaru Mimura","doi":"10.1002/gps.70151","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div>\n \n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Objectives</h3>\n \n <p>Pareidolic illusions involve perceiving meaningful objects in ambiguous or visually complex stimuli. Although seen in dementia, their presence and associated neuroanatomical basis in older adults without dementia remain unclear. Investigating these illusions in this population may reveal early neurodegenerative changes preceding overt dementia. Such insights could support the use of pareidolic illusions as potential early markers for diagnosis and intervention. This study therefore aimed to examine the prevalence and associated neuroanatomical characteristics of pareidolic illusions in community-dwelling older adults without dementia, as assessed by the Noise Pareidolia Test (NPT).</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Methods</h3>\n \n <p>We investigated the prevalence of pareidolic illusions in older adults aged 65–84 residing in Tokyo, Japan with suspected cognitive decline but without dementia. Participants were classified as cognitively normal or having mild cognitive impairment (MCI) based on standard criteria. Participants underwent NPT, and those who exhibited one or more pareidolic illusions were classified as pareidolia-positive. Additionally, a whole-brain voxel-based morphometry (VBM) of structural magnetic resonance imaging data was performed to assess gray matter volume differences associated with pareidolic illusions.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Results</h3>\n \n <p>Pareidolic illusions were present in 35.1% (155/441) of participants. These individuals were significantly older, had shorter years of education, and more likely to be diagnosed with MCI. VBM revealed significantly lower gray matter volume in bilateral temporal clusters—areas associated with face-related visuoperceptual processing—among pareidolia-positive individuals.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Conclusions</h3>\n \n <p>Pareidolic illusions were relatively common in community-dwelling older adults without dementia. These illusions may be an early marker of neurodegenerative changes affecting visuoperceptual pathways, and may be detectable using NPT.</p>\n </section>\n </div>","PeriodicalId":14060,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry","volume":"40 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8000,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gps.70151","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Pareidolic Illusions and Associated Lower Regional Gray Matter Volumes in Community-Dwelling Older Adults Without Dementia: The Arakawa 65+ Study\",\"authors\":\"Hana Nishida, Shogyoku Bun, Ryo Shikimoto, Hisashi Kida, Kouta Suzuki, Akihiro Takamiya, Jinichi Hirano, Hidehito Niimura, Hiroyuki Uchida, Masaru Mimura\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/gps.70151\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div>\\n \\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Objectives</h3>\\n \\n <p>Pareidolic illusions involve perceiving meaningful objects in ambiguous or visually complex stimuli. Although seen in dementia, their presence and associated neuroanatomical basis in older adults without dementia remain unclear. Investigating these illusions in this population may reveal early neurodegenerative changes preceding overt dementia. Such insights could support the use of pareidolic illusions as potential early markers for diagnosis and intervention. This study therefore aimed to examine the prevalence and associated neuroanatomical characteristics of pareidolic illusions in community-dwelling older adults without dementia, as assessed by the Noise Pareidolia Test (NPT).</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Methods</h3>\\n \\n <p>We investigated the prevalence of pareidolic illusions in older adults aged 65–84 residing in Tokyo, Japan with suspected cognitive decline but without dementia. Participants were classified as cognitively normal or having mild cognitive impairment (MCI) based on standard criteria. Participants underwent NPT, and those who exhibited one or more pareidolic illusions were classified as pareidolia-positive. Additionally, a whole-brain voxel-based morphometry (VBM) of structural magnetic resonance imaging data was performed to assess gray matter volume differences associated with pareidolic illusions.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Results</h3>\\n \\n <p>Pareidolic illusions were present in 35.1% (155/441) of participants. These individuals were significantly older, had shorter years of education, and more likely to be diagnosed with MCI. VBM revealed significantly lower gray matter volume in bilateral temporal clusters—areas associated with face-related visuoperceptual processing—among pareidolia-positive individuals.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Conclusions</h3>\\n \\n <p>Pareidolic illusions were relatively common in community-dwelling older adults without dementia. These illusions may be an early marker of neurodegenerative changes affecting visuoperceptual pathways, and may be detectable using NPT.</p>\\n </section>\\n </div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":14060,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry\",\"volume\":\"40 9\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.8000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-09-03\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gps.70151\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/gps.70151\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/gps.70151","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Pareidolic Illusions and Associated Lower Regional Gray Matter Volumes in Community-Dwelling Older Adults Without Dementia: The Arakawa 65+ Study
Objectives
Pareidolic illusions involve perceiving meaningful objects in ambiguous or visually complex stimuli. Although seen in dementia, their presence and associated neuroanatomical basis in older adults without dementia remain unclear. Investigating these illusions in this population may reveal early neurodegenerative changes preceding overt dementia. Such insights could support the use of pareidolic illusions as potential early markers for diagnosis and intervention. This study therefore aimed to examine the prevalence and associated neuroanatomical characteristics of pareidolic illusions in community-dwelling older adults without dementia, as assessed by the Noise Pareidolia Test (NPT).
Methods
We investigated the prevalence of pareidolic illusions in older adults aged 65–84 residing in Tokyo, Japan with suspected cognitive decline but without dementia. Participants were classified as cognitively normal or having mild cognitive impairment (MCI) based on standard criteria. Participants underwent NPT, and those who exhibited one or more pareidolic illusions were classified as pareidolia-positive. Additionally, a whole-brain voxel-based morphometry (VBM) of structural magnetic resonance imaging data was performed to assess gray matter volume differences associated with pareidolic illusions.
Results
Pareidolic illusions were present in 35.1% (155/441) of participants. These individuals were significantly older, had shorter years of education, and more likely to be diagnosed with MCI. VBM revealed significantly lower gray matter volume in bilateral temporal clusters—areas associated with face-related visuoperceptual processing—among pareidolia-positive individuals.
Conclusions
Pareidolic illusions were relatively common in community-dwelling older adults without dementia. These illusions may be an early marker of neurodegenerative changes affecting visuoperceptual pathways, and may be detectable using NPT.
期刊介绍：
The rapidly increasing world population of aged people has led to a growing need to focus attention on the problems of mental disorder in late life. The aim of the Journal is to communicate the results of original research in the causes, treatment and care of all forms of mental disorder which affect the elderly. The Journal is of interest to psychiatrists, psychologists, social scientists, nurses and others engaged in therapeutic professions, together with general neurobiological researchers.
The Journal provides an international perspective on the important issue of geriatric psychiatry, and contributions are published from countries throughout the world. Topics covered include epidemiology of mental disorders in old age, clinical aetiological research, post-mortem pathological and neurochemical studies, treatment trials and evaluation of geriatric psychiatry services.
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