Impact of supply chain digitalization on total factor productivity of agricultural enterprises

Against the backdrop of accelerating integration between digital technologies and supply chains, supply chain digitalization presents new opportunities for enhancing total factor productivity (TFP) in agricultural enterprises. Based on the pilot program for supply chain innovation and application, this study utilizes data from A-share listed companies in China from 2013 to 2023 to empirically examine the impact of supply chain digitalization on the TFP of agricultural enterprises. The findings indicate that supply chain digitalization significantly improves the TFP of agricultural enterprises, with its mechanisms primarily operating through three pathways: alleviating financing constraints, driving green innovation, and optimizing supply chain efficiency. Heterogeneity analysis indicates that supply chain digitalization has a more significant promoting effect on the TFP of state-owned agricultural enterprises, those with low supply chain concentration, and agricultural enterprises operating in regions with low marketization levels. The conclusions provide policy implications for building digital supply chains and enhancing total factor productivity.