Chaos-based video encryption techniques: A review

Chaos theory, as a powerful tool for studying the nonlinear behavior of dynamic systems, has shown great potential in the field of cryptography. Leveraging the high sensitivity of chaotic systems to initial conditions and their complex dynamic characteristics, chaos-based encryption methods offer enhanced security and unpredictability in the processes of data encryption and decryption. Amid the growing demand for information security, traditional encryption methods face significant challenges, particularly in terms of resistance to attacks and the randomness of key generation. The integration of chaos theory provides new solutions to these challenges. This paper provides a comprehensive review of chaos-based video encryption techniques. First, a mathematical model for video encryption is established, and the strengths and limitations of conventional encryption algorithms when applied to video data are analyzed. Next, we explored the unique role of the complexity and randomness of chaotic systems in encryption design and their impact on enhancing video transmission and storage security. The study then classifies the most common chaos systems and conducts an integrated evaluation of their performance metrics, offering theoretical guidance for selecting suitable chaos systems in video encryption. Building on this foundation, existing chaos-based video encryption algorithms are systematically categorized and reviewed, with their design methodologies and evaluation criteria summarized. Finally, the paper outlines future research directions for chaos-based video encryption and discusses its application potential in intelligent surveillance, medical imaging, military communications, and other fields.