Ángel Carrascosa-Robles, José Antonio Pascual, Jessica Cuartero, Inmaculada García-Romera, Gloria Andrea Silva-Castro, Ana de Santiago, Margarita Ros, Spyridon A. Petropoulos, María del Mar Alguacil
{"title":"马齿苋生物量及其根际微生物组对黄青霉菌转化养蜂业固体和液体蜂胶应用的响应","authors":"Ángel Carrascosa-Robles, José Antonio Pascual, Jessica Cuartero, Inmaculada García-Romera, Gloria Andrea Silva-Castro, Ana de Santiago, Margarita Ros, Spyridon A. Petropoulos, María del Mar Alguacil","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07794-9","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background and aims</h3><p>Slumgum, a by-product of the beeswax-rendering process, is a nutrient-rich organic waste with potential as a sustainable fertiliser. Unlike chemical fertilisers, which can degrade soil health and contribute to environmental pollution, slumgum may improve soil structure, enhance microbial activity, and support long-term soil fertility. This study assessed, for the first time, the effects of both solid and liquid slumgum, either transformed with <i>Penicillium chrysogenum</i> and non-transformed, on purslane (<i>Portulaca oleracea</i>) biomass and soil rhizosphere microbial communities.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>The experiment involved applying different slumgum treatments to purslane plants, followed by the analysis of shoot biomass and foliar phosphorous content. Soil enzymatic activities related to carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus cycles were measured. Additionally, bacterial and fungal community composition, diversity, and functional guilds in the rhizosphere were described.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Both transformed solid and liquid slumgum along with untransformed liquid slumgum treatments increased purslane shoot biomass (by 60–77%) and foliar phosphorous content (by 87–100%) compared to the control. Slumgum treatments modified the microbial community composition, increasing saprotrophic fungi and reducing plant pathogens. Transformed solid slumgum also enhanced enzymatic activities involved in nutrient cycling, whereas the untransformed solid slumgum treatment promoted bacterial genes associated with denitrification.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>Our findings highlight the potential of slumgum, particularly in its transformed forms, as a sustainable alternative to chemical fertilisers. Its application may improve soil fertility and crop productivity while reducing environmental impact. Further studies should investigate its long-term effects under field conditions and evaluate its economic feasibility.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1000,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Response of Portulaca oleracea biomass and its rhizospheric microbiome to the application of solid and liquid slumgum from beekeeping industry transformed with Penicillium chrysogenum\",\"authors\":\"Ángel Carrascosa-Robles, José Antonio Pascual, Jessica Cuartero, Inmaculada García-Romera, Gloria Andrea Silva-Castro, Ana de Santiago, Margarita Ros, Spyridon A. Petropoulos, María del Mar Alguacil\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s11104-025-07794-9\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<h3 data-test=\\\"abstract-sub-heading\\\">Background and aims</h3><p>Slumgum, a by-product of the beeswax-rendering process, is a nutrient-rich organic waste with potential as a sustainable fertiliser. Unlike chemical fertilisers, which can degrade soil health and contribute to environmental pollution, slumgum may improve soil structure, enhance microbial activity, and support long-term soil fertility. This study assessed, for the first time, the effects of both solid and liquid slumgum, either transformed with <i>Penicillium chrysogenum</i> and non-transformed, on purslane (<i>Portulaca oleracea</i>) biomass and soil rhizosphere microbial communities.</p><h3 data-test=\\\"abstract-sub-heading\\\">Methods</h3><p>The experiment involved applying different slumgum treatments to purslane plants, followed by the analysis of shoot biomass and foliar phosphorous content. Soil enzymatic activities related to carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus cycles were measured. Additionally, bacterial and fungal community composition, diversity, and functional guilds in the rhizosphere were described.</p><h3 data-test=\\\"abstract-sub-heading\\\">Results</h3><p>Both transformed solid and liquid slumgum along with untransformed liquid slumgum treatments increased purslane shoot biomass (by 60–77%) and foliar phosphorous content (by 87–100%) compared to the control. Slumgum treatments modified the microbial community composition, increasing saprotrophic fungi and reducing plant pathogens. 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Response of Portulaca oleracea biomass and its rhizospheric microbiome to the application of solid and liquid slumgum from beekeeping industry transformed with Penicillium chrysogenum
Background and aims
Slumgum, a by-product of the beeswax-rendering process, is a nutrient-rich organic waste with potential as a sustainable fertiliser. Unlike chemical fertilisers, which can degrade soil health and contribute to environmental pollution, slumgum may improve soil structure, enhance microbial activity, and support long-term soil fertility. This study assessed, for the first time, the effects of both solid and liquid slumgum, either transformed with Penicillium chrysogenum and non-transformed, on purslane (Portulaca oleracea) biomass and soil rhizosphere microbial communities.
Methods
The experiment involved applying different slumgum treatments to purslane plants, followed by the analysis of shoot biomass and foliar phosphorous content. Soil enzymatic activities related to carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus cycles were measured. Additionally, bacterial and fungal community composition, diversity, and functional guilds in the rhizosphere were described.
Results
Both transformed solid and liquid slumgum along with untransformed liquid slumgum treatments increased purslane shoot biomass (by 60–77%) and foliar phosphorous content (by 87–100%) compared to the control. Slumgum treatments modified the microbial community composition, increasing saprotrophic fungi and reducing plant pathogens. Transformed solid slumgum also enhanced enzymatic activities involved in nutrient cycling, whereas the untransformed solid slumgum treatment promoted bacterial genes associated with denitrification.
Conclusion
Our findings highlight the potential of slumgum, particularly in its transformed forms, as a sustainable alternative to chemical fertilisers. Its application may improve soil fertility and crop productivity while reducing environmental impact. Further studies should investigate its long-term effects under field conditions and evaluate its economic feasibility.
期刊介绍：
Plant and Soil publishes original papers and review articles exploring the interface of plant biology and soil sciences, and that enhance our mechanistic understanding of plant-soil interactions. We focus on the interface of plant biology and soil sciences, and seek those manuscripts with a strong mechanistic component which develop and test hypotheses aimed at understanding underlying mechanisms of plant-soil interactions. Manuscripts can include both fundamental and applied aspects of mineral nutrition, plant water relations, symbiotic and pathogenic plant-microbe interactions, root anatomy and morphology, soil biology, ecology, agrochemistry and agrophysics, as long as they are hypothesis-driven and enhance our mechanistic understanding. Articles including a major molecular or modelling component also fall within the scope of the journal. All contributions appear in the English language, with consistent spelling, using either American or British English.
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