Nanoparticle-enabled portable biosensors for early detection and monitoring of non-communicable diseases: A focus on diabetes, cardiovascular, and cancer diagnostics

The increasing global prevalence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as diabetes, cardiovascular disorders, and cancer poses a significant challenge to healthcare systems, particularly in low resource settings. Improving patient outcomes requires early and accurate diagnosis, but existing diagnostic approaches frequently depend on invasive procedures and centralized labs, which limits their timeliness and accessibility. This review emphasizes the increasing importance of the nanoparticle-based portable biosensors as a pioneering strategy for these diagnostic issues. These emerging biosensing platforms provide a great combination of miniaturization, sensitivity, and instant detection, which are especially promising in point-of-care and personalized healthcare. Great advances in biosensor platforms in terms of detection of biomarkers had been made by inclusion of nanomaterials in these devices, showing potential for non-invasive and rapid disease monitoring at low-cost impact. It provides a comprehensive understanding of how nanotechnology-driven biosensors are reshaping the future of diagnostics for chronic diseases. In order to demonstrate how these systems might facilitate early intervention, ongoing monitoring, and wider access to healthcare, this paper compiles current advancements. Therefore, portable biosensors that use nanotechnology can contribute to quicker, simpler, and more accessible illness diagnosis, which will improve patient care everywhere.