{"title":"Gd3+掺杂Co-Mn铁氧体纳米粒子磁性能增强高密度数据存储应用","authors":"Sweta Singh, Vineet Sharma","doi":"10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.06.226","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><span>Magnetic nanoparticles<span> possess distinctive properties from their nanoscale dimensions, tunable magnetic behavior, and ability to exhibit unique interactions at the atomic level. In this study, </span></span><em>Gd</em><sup><em>3+</em></sup><span>substituted ferrite nanoparticles<span> with the composition </span></span><em>Co</em><sub><em>0.5</em></sub><em>Mn</em><sub><em>0.5</em></sub><em>Gd</em><sub><em>x</em></sub><em>Fe</em><sub><em>2-x</em></sub><em>O</em><sub><em>4</em></sub> (<em>x</em><span><span> = 0, 0.005, 0.01, 0.05, and 0.1) have been prepared through the sol-gel technique. The magnetic and structural characteristics of the nanoparticles have been thoroughly investigated using </span>VSM<span>, FTIR, SEM, XRD, UV–visible, and RAMAN spectroscopy. With the incorporation of </span></span><em>Gd</em><sup><em>3+</em></sup> ions, FTIR, XRD, and RAMAN characterizations corroborate the formation of a face-centered cubic inverse spinel structure with <span><em>Fd3m</em></span><span> space group, accompanied by notable changes in structural parameters. FTIR spectra reveal intrinsic vibrations associated with metal ions at tetrahedral (</span><em>t</em><sub><em>d</em></sub>) and octahedral (<em>o</em><sub><em>h</em></sub><span><span>) sites. The magnetic characterization demonstrates ferrimagnetic behavior, with an observed increase in the </span>remanence ratio due to enhancement of </span><em>A-B</em> super-exchange interactions upon <em>Gd</em><sup><em>3+</em></sup><span> substitution. This has been further supported by the proposed cation distribution and calculated Yafet-Kittel angles. Raman spectral analysis corroborates the proposed distribution of cations, while VSM studies reveals the enhanced saturation magnetization (</span><em>M</em><sub><em>s</em></sub><span>), coercivity (</span><span><math><mrow><msub><mi>H</mi><mi>c</mi></msub></mrow></math></span>), and magnetic moment (<span><math><mrow><msub><mi>η</mi><mi>β</mi></msub><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span> on incorporation of <em>Gd</em><sup><em>3+</em></sup> ions into <em>Co-Mn</em><span> nanoferrites, suggesting their potential for data storage<span> applications. This work highlights an appreciable enhancement in vital magnetic characteristics through controlled </span></span><em>Gd</em><sup><em>3+</em></sup> doping, leading to an optimized distribution of cations in the <em>Co-Mn</em><span> spinel structure and an efficient control over the crystallite size using sol-gel synthesis method, thereby paving the way for their application in advanced technologies.</span></div></div>","PeriodicalId":267,"journal":{"name":"Ceramics International","volume":"51 23","pages":"Pages 39930-39945"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6000,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Enhanced magnetic properties of Gd3+ doped Co-Mn ferrite nanoparticles for high-density data storage applications\",\"authors\":\"Sweta Singh, Vineet Sharma\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.ceramint.2025.06.226\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><div><span>Magnetic nanoparticles<span> possess distinctive properties from their nanoscale dimensions, tunable magnetic behavior, and ability to exhibit unique interactions at the atomic level. In this study, </span></span><em>Gd</em><sup><em>3+</em></sup><span>substituted ferrite nanoparticles<span> with the composition </span></span><em>Co</em><sub><em>0.5</em></sub><em>Mn</em><sub><em>0.5</em></sub><em>Gd</em><sub><em>x</em></sub><em>Fe</em><sub><em>2-x</em></sub><em>O</em><sub><em>4</em></sub> (<em>x</em><span><span> = 0, 0.005, 0.01, 0.05, and 0.1) have been prepared through the sol-gel technique. The magnetic and structural characteristics of the nanoparticles have been thoroughly investigated using </span>VSM<span>, FTIR, SEM, XRD, UV–visible, and RAMAN spectroscopy. With the incorporation of </span></span><em>Gd</em><sup><em>3+</em></sup> ions, FTIR, XRD, and RAMAN characterizations corroborate the formation of a face-centered cubic inverse spinel structure with <span><em>Fd3m</em></span><span> space group, accompanied by notable changes in structural parameters. FTIR spectra reveal intrinsic vibrations associated with metal ions at tetrahedral (</span><em>t</em><sub><em>d</em></sub>) and octahedral (<em>o</em><sub><em>h</em></sub><span><span>) sites. The magnetic characterization demonstrates ferrimagnetic behavior, with an observed increase in the </span>remanence ratio due to enhancement of </span><em>A-B</em> super-exchange interactions upon <em>Gd</em><sup><em>3+</em></sup><span> substitution. This has been further supported by the proposed cation distribution and calculated Yafet-Kittel angles. Raman spectral analysis corroborates the proposed distribution of cations, while VSM studies reveals the enhanced saturation magnetization (</span><em>M</em><sub><em>s</em></sub><span>), coercivity (</span><span><math><mrow><msub><mi>H</mi><mi>c</mi></msub></mrow></math></span>), and magnetic moment (<span><math><mrow><msub><mi>η</mi><mi>β</mi></msub><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span> on incorporation of <em>Gd</em><sup><em>3+</em></sup> ions into <em>Co-Mn</em><span> nanoferrites, suggesting their potential for data storage<span> applications. This work highlights an appreciable enhancement in vital magnetic characteristics through controlled </span></span><em>Gd</em><sup><em>3+</em></sup> doping, leading to an optimized distribution of cations in the <em>Co-Mn</em><span> spinel structure and an efficient control over the crystallite size using sol-gel synthesis method, thereby paving the way for their application in advanced technologies.</span></div></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":267,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Ceramics International\",\"volume\":\"51 23\",\"pages\":\"Pages 39930-39945\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":5.6000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-09-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Ceramics International\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"88\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0272884225028834\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"材料科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Ceramics International","FirstCategoryId":"88","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0272884225028834","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
Enhanced magnetic properties of Gd3+ doped Co-Mn ferrite nanoparticles for high-density data storage applications
Magnetic nanoparticles possess distinctive properties from their nanoscale dimensions, tunable magnetic behavior, and ability to exhibit unique interactions at the atomic level. In this study, Gd3+substituted ferrite nanoparticles with the composition Co0.5Mn0.5GdxFe2-xO4 (x = 0, 0.005, 0.01, 0.05, and 0.1) have been prepared through the sol-gel technique. The magnetic and structural characteristics of the nanoparticles have been thoroughly investigated using VSM, FTIR, SEM, XRD, UV–visible, and RAMAN spectroscopy. With the incorporation of Gd3+ ions, FTIR, XRD, and RAMAN characterizations corroborate the formation of a face-centered cubic inverse spinel structure with Fd3m space group, accompanied by notable changes in structural parameters. FTIR spectra reveal intrinsic vibrations associated with metal ions at tetrahedral (td) and octahedral (oh) sites. The magnetic characterization demonstrates ferrimagnetic behavior, with an observed increase in the remanence ratio due to enhancement of A-B super-exchange interactions upon Gd3+ substitution. This has been further supported by the proposed cation distribution and calculated Yafet-Kittel angles. Raman spectral analysis corroborates the proposed distribution of cations, while VSM studies reveals the enhanced saturation magnetization (Ms), coercivity (), and magnetic moment ( on incorporation of Gd3+ ions into Co-Mn nanoferrites, suggesting their potential for data storage applications. This work highlights an appreciable enhancement in vital magnetic characteristics through controlled Gd3+ doping, leading to an optimized distribution of cations in the Co-Mn spinel structure and an efficient control over the crystallite size using sol-gel synthesis method, thereby paving the way for their application in advanced technologies.
期刊介绍:
Ceramics International covers the science of advanced ceramic materials. The journal encourages contributions that demonstrate how an understanding of the basic chemical and physical phenomena may direct materials design and stimulate ideas for new or improved processing techniques, in order to obtain materials with desired structural features and properties.
Ceramics International covers oxide and non-oxide ceramics, functional glasses, glass ceramics, amorphous inorganic non-metallic materials (and their combinations with metal and organic materials), in the form of particulates, dense or porous bodies, thin/thick films and laminated, graded and composite structures. Process related topics such as ceramic-ceramic joints or joining ceramics with dissimilar materials, as well as surface finishing and conditioning are also covered. Besides traditional processing techniques, manufacturing routes of interest include innovative procedures benefiting from externally applied stresses, electromagnetic fields and energetic beams, as well as top-down and self-assembly nanotechnology approaches. In addition, the journal welcomes submissions on bio-inspired and bio-enabled materials designs, experimentally validated multi scale modelling and simulation for materials design, and the use of the most advanced chemical and physical characterization techniques of structure, properties and behaviour.
Technologically relevant low-dimensional systems are a particular focus of Ceramics International. These include 0, 1 and 2-D nanomaterials (also covering CNTs, graphene and related materials, and diamond-like carbons), their nanocomposites, as well as nano-hybrids and hierarchical multifunctional nanostructures that might integrate molecular, biological and electronic components.