血清半乳糖凝集素-9和Decorin与脑衰老和绿色地中海饮食的关系：DIRECT PLUS随机试验的二次分析

IF 7.4 2区医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Clinical nutrition Pub Date : 2025-08-23 DOI:10.1016/j.clnu.2025.08.021

Dafna Pachter , Anat Yaskolka Meir , Alon Kaplan , Gal Tsaban , Hila Zelicha , Ehud Rinott , Gidon Levakov , Ofek Finkelstein , Ilan Shelef , Moti Salti , Frauke Beyer , Veronica Witte , Nora Klöting , Berend Isermann , Uta Ceglarek , Tammy Riklin Raviv , Matthias Blüher , Michael Stumvoll , Dong D. Wang , Frank B. Hu , Iris Shai

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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景和目的我们探讨了不同脑衰老轨迹的受试者血清蛋白质组谱的变化是否存在差异，以及这些变化是否受到饮食干预的影响。方法在这项为期18个月的DIRECT PLUS试验的二次分析中，294名参与者被随机分为三组：1)健康饮食指南（HDG）；2)地中海（MED）日粮（+440 mg/d核桃多酚）；或3)低红/加工肉类绿色med饮食（+1240毫克/天的多酚来自核桃，蔓凯植物和绿茶）。我们检测了87种血清蛋白（Olink-CVDII）。我们使用磁共振成像（MRI）评估的3d - t1加权脑扫描进行脑年龄计算（通过卷积神经网络），以识别反映脑年龄差距的蛋白质标记（BAG； MRI评估的脑年龄与实足年龄的偏差）。结果sat基线、较低的体重、腰围、舒张压和HbA1c参数与比预期更年轻的脑年龄相关。具体来说，两种蛋白质，半乳糖凝集素-9 （Gal-9）和Decorin （DCN）水平较高，与脑老化加速（较大的BAG）有关。蛋白质组学主成分分析（PCA）揭示了两个时间点之间脑老化加速参与者的PC1的差异。在基线和18个月之间，Gal-9在完成干预后脑衰老减弱的个体中显着下降，而DCN在完成试验后脑衰老加速的个体中显着增加。与HDG相比，绿色med饮食和蛋白质组学PCA之间存在显著的相互作用，导致有益的变化。与HDG饮食和基线相比，绿色med饮食的参与者显著降低了Gal-9。结论血清中Gal-9和DCN水平升高可能预示着脑衰老的加速，绿色med /高多酚（绿茶和满凯）和低红/加工肉类饮食可减缓脑衰老。试验注册号：bernct03020186。

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Serum Galectin-9 and Decorin in relation to brain aging and the green-Mediterranean diet: A secondary analysis of the DIRECT PLUS randomized trial

Background and aims

We explored whether changes in serum proteomic profiles differed between participants with distinct brain aging trajectories, and whether these changes were influenced by dietary intervention.

Methods

In this secondary analysis of the 18-month DIRECT PLUS trial, 294 participants were randomized to one of three arms: 1) Healthy dietary guidelines (HDG); 2) Mediterranean (MED) diet (+440 mg/day polyphenols from walnuts); or 3) low red/processed meat green-MED diet (+1240 mg/day polyphenols from walnuts, Mankai plant, and green tea). We measured 87 serum proteins (Olink-CVDII). We used Magnetic-Resonance-Imaging (MRI)-assessed 3D-T1-weighted brain scans for brain age calculation (by convolutional neural network) to identify protein markers reflecting the brain age gap (BAG; deviation of MRI-assessed brain age from chronological age).

Results

At baseline, lower weight, waist circumference, diastolic blood pressure, and HbA1c parameters were associated with a younger brain age than expected. Specifically, higher levels of two proteins, Galectin-9 (Gal-9) and Decorin (DCN), were associated with accelerated brain aging (larger BAG). A proteomics principal component analysis (PCA) revealed a difference in PC1 between the two time-points for participants with accelerated brain aging. Between baseline and 18 months, Gal-9 significantly decreased among individuals who completed the intervention with attenuated brain aging, while DCN significantly increased among those who completed the trial with accelerated brain aging. A significant interaction was observed between the green-MED diet and proteomics PCA, resulting in a beneficial change compared to the HDG. Participants in the green-MED diet significantly decreased Gal-9 compared to the HDG diet and from baseline.

Conclusions

Higher serum levels of Gal-9 and DCN may indicate an acceleration of brain aging and could be reduced by a green-MED/high-polyphenol (green tea and Mankai) and low-red/processed meat diet.

Trial registration number

NCT03020186.

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来源期刊

Clinical nutrition 医学-营养学

CiteScore

14.10

自引率

6.30%

发文量

356

审稿时长

28 days

期刊介绍： Clinical Nutrition, the official journal of ESPEN, The European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, is an international journal providing essential scientific information on nutritional and metabolic care and the relationship between nutrition and disease both in the setting of basic science and clinical practice. Published bi-monthly, each issue combines original articles and reviews providing an invaluable reference for any specialist concerned with these fields.