Analysis and simulation of magnetocrystalline anisotropy of misch metal magnets

2:14:1-type rare earth magnets play an indispensable role in many fields such as industry, military and electrical appliances because of their excellent hard magnetic performance. The magnetocrystalline anisotropy of magnetic materials is a crucial intrinsic parameter to ensure the high coercivity of materials. However, since MM₂Fe₁₄B prepared by misch metal (MM) is difficult to form single crystals, the accurate determination of the magnetocrystalline anisotropy has become the focus of research. In this work, the anisotropy of MM₁₃Fe₈₁B₆ compound is analyzed by means of singular point detection, extrapolation line and refracted line method. The contribution of rare earth ions to the anisotropy energy and its relationship with the anisotropy coefficient were described by single-ion anisotropy fitting. When the anisotropy constant, saturation magnetic polarization intensity and temperature are in the regions of 0.06–1.22 MJ/m³, 1.651–1.658 T and 80–130 K, MM₂Fe₁₄B can maintain a relatively high anisotropy field (>7 × 10³ kA/m). The micromagnetic simulation further confirmed the roles of these parameters in the coercivity and the process of magnetic reversal. A full understanding of the anisotropy field, anisotropy constant, anisotropy coefficient and its change with temperature is conducive to the improvement of coercivity and magnetic properties of high abundance rare earth magnet materials.