Entropic stochastic resonance of inertial self-propelled particles

In recent years, self-propelled particles have been favored by researchers because of their unique dynamical properties and many potential applications. Self-propelled particles with macroscopic size or moving in a gaseous medium typically display underdamped dynamics, which leads to finite relaxation time and inertial delay between the orientation and velocity of the particles. We investigated inertial effects on the entropic stochastic resonance (ESR) by simulating the signal power amplification and the mean free flying time. The self-propulsion velocity and transverse bias force exhibit a double-edged sword effect: while initially enhancing the ESR, further increases ultimately suppress it. Compared with the over-damped system, inertial effects significantly result in the transformation of the response curve from a broad-peak form to a bell-shaped curve. Our results have potential applications for manipulating self-propelled particles whose inertial effects cannot be ignored.