Financial contagion within the interbank network

The analysis of contagion in financial networks has primarily focused on transmission channels operating through direct linkages. This paper develops an agent-based model of financial contagion in the interbank market that features both direct and indirect transmission mechanisms. We conduct simulations on actual interbank bilateral exposures, constructed manually from a confidential supervisory dataset reported by the largest euro area banks. The model is used to investigate and quantify the relative contributions of direct and indirect channels. We find that while the impact of direct contagion increases gradually with the shock intensity, the effect of indirect contagion is subject to threshold effects and can increase abruptly when the threshold is exceeded. In addition, the risk posed by indirect contagion has a higher upper bound compared to direct contagion. Finally, we find that in terms of overall impact, the shocks to the value of sovereign debt and non-bank financial institutions represent the most significant risk to the functioning of the interbank market.