Optimizing neurosurgical video formats for effective learning in the social media era, bridging global gaps: A literature review on enhancing quality in video-based education

In the ever-evolving landscape of medical education, the role of surgical videos has become increasingly crucial in facilitating the acquisition of essential skills and knowledge. Surgical techniques, which were once considered undeclared or silent knowledge, can now be digitized and disseminated through the latest technologies, providing a valuable resource for both young surgeons and seasoned experts alike. There is much evidence available that demonstrates the benefits of incorporating video-based education in surgical training. However, most of these videos lack a structured educational framework necessary for effective learning. To address this systemic gap, we conducted a comprehensive literature review to identify evidence-based principles that enhance the pedagogical value of surgical videos. Our findings suggest that the most effective formats are concise, incorporate high-definition visuals, included structured narration and annotations.