Accurate and efficient phase unwrapping using Poisson-coupled Fourier method

Phase unwrapping in fringe projection profilometry remains challenged by low computational efficiency and limited accuracy, particularly in the presence of phase discontinuities. To address these issues, an accurate and efficient phase unwrapping using Poisson-coupled Fourier method is proposed. By applying a modified Laplacian operator to the wrapped phase, a path-independent Poisson equation can be formulated to reconstruct the phase distribution, inherently avoiding error propagation across discontinuities. The Poisson equation is solved in the frequency domain using fast Fourier transform, with boundary extension and windowing applied to satisfy the periodic boundary condition, thereby enhancing reconstruction accuracy and computational performance. Both simulation and experimental results verify that the proposed method significantly improves unwrapping accuracy and computational efficiency, especially under conditions involving noise and phase discontinuities.