{"title":"厚青果叶乙醇提取物的抗炎和抗氧化作用：体外和体外实验研究","authors":"Emmanuel Chiagozie Aham , Stephen Chukwubuikem Nnemolisa , Olamide Esther Asaluwala , Ogechukwu Colet Okeke , Michael Chinedu Chukwu , Ernest Chinemerem Nkagbu , Casmir Chima Uzoefuna , Innocent Uzochukwu Okagu","doi":"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100353","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The side effects of existing anti-inflammatory drugs have spurred the quest for safer and more effective anti-inflammatory agents. Medicinal plants used in folk medicine for inflammation-related conditions, such as <em>Hymenodictyon pachyantha</em> K.Krause, are increasingly recognized as potential sources of anti-inflammatory candidates.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>To investigate the anti-inflammatory and radical-scavenging activities of the <em>H. pachyantha</em> leaves ethanol extract (EEHP) using <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in silico</em> techniques.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>Gas chromatography-flame ionization detector was used to characterize the bioactive components of EEHP, while 2,2′-azinobis(3-ethylbenz-thiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) and hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) scavenging assays were used to evaluate the antioxidant potential. The inhibition of the anti-inflammatory activities was evaluated via cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) activities. <em>In silico</em> techniques were used to understand the mechanism of action against COX-2, 5-LOX, and phospholipase A2 (PLA2) and the drug-like properties of EEHP’s phytoconstituents.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>EEHP scavenged 74.40 % and 70.72 % of ABTS and H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-radicals, respectively, compared with 86.28 % and 72.31 %, respectively, by reference antioxidant (ascorbic acid). EEHP inhibited COX-2 (IC<sub>50</sub> = 0.65 mg/ml) and 5-LOX (IC<sub>50</sub> = 0.38 mg/ml) activities. Lunamarine, kaempferol, anthocyanin, and flavan-3-ol identified in EEHP were shown to inhibit COX-2 by interacting with Phe518, Arg120, Ala527, Leu352, Tyr385, Trp387, Leu384, Phe381, and Leu384), 5-LOX by interacting with Arg246 and Val243, and PLA2 by interacting with Asp49, Gly30, Gly32, Gly53, and Leu130 amino acids crucial for activities.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our data suggest that <em>H. pachyantha</em> is a reservoir of phytochemicals with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties and a potential resource in developing new candidates for inflammation-related conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101014,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100353"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potentials of ethanol extract of Hymenodictyon pachyantha leaves: An in vitro and in silico study\",\"authors\":\"Emmanuel Chiagozie Aham , Stephen Chukwubuikem Nnemolisa , Olamide Esther Asaluwala , Ogechukwu Colet Okeke , Michael Chinedu Chukwu , Ernest Chinemerem Nkagbu , Casmir Chima Uzoefuna , Innocent Uzochukwu Okagu\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.prenap.2025.100353\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The side effects of existing anti-inflammatory drugs have spurred the quest for safer and more effective anti-inflammatory agents. Medicinal plants used in folk medicine for inflammation-related conditions, such as <em>Hymenodictyon pachyantha</em> K.Krause, are increasingly recognized as potential sources of anti-inflammatory candidates.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>To investigate the anti-inflammatory and radical-scavenging activities of the <em>H. pachyantha</em> leaves ethanol extract (EEHP) using <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in silico</em> techniques.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>Gas chromatography-flame ionization detector was used to characterize the bioactive components of EEHP, while 2,2′-azinobis(3-ethylbenz-thiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) and hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) scavenging assays were used to evaluate the antioxidant potential. The inhibition of the anti-inflammatory activities was evaluated via cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) activities. <em>In silico</em> techniques were used to understand the mechanism of action against COX-2, 5-LOX, and phospholipase A2 (PLA2) and the drug-like properties of EEHP’s phytoconstituents.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>EEHP scavenged 74.40 % and 70.72 % of ABTS and H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-radicals, respectively, compared with 86.28 % and 72.31 %, respectively, by reference antioxidant (ascorbic acid). EEHP inhibited COX-2 (IC<sub>50</sub> = 0.65 mg/ml) and 5-LOX (IC<sub>50</sub> = 0.38 mg/ml) activities. Lunamarine, kaempferol, anthocyanin, and flavan-3-ol identified in EEHP were shown to inhibit COX-2 by interacting with Phe518, Arg120, Ala527, Leu352, Tyr385, Trp387, Leu384, Phe381, and Leu384), 5-LOX by interacting with Arg246 and Val243, and PLA2 by interacting with Asp49, Gly30, Gly32, Gly53, and Leu130 amino acids crucial for activities.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our data suggest that <em>H. pachyantha</em> is a reservoir of phytochemicals with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties and a potential resource in developing new candidates for inflammation-related conditions.</div></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":101014,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products\",\"volume\":\"8 \",\"pages\":\"Article 100353\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-08-26\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950199725002137\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Pharmacological Research - Natural Products","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950199725002137","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potentials of ethanol extract of Hymenodictyon pachyantha leaves: An in vitro and in silico study
Background
The side effects of existing anti-inflammatory drugs have spurred the quest for safer and more effective anti-inflammatory agents. Medicinal plants used in folk medicine for inflammation-related conditions, such as Hymenodictyon pachyantha K.Krause, are increasingly recognized as potential sources of anti-inflammatory candidates.
Aim
To investigate the anti-inflammatory and radical-scavenging activities of the H. pachyantha leaves ethanol extract (EEHP) using in vitro and in silico techniques.
Methodology
Gas chromatography-flame ionization detector was used to characterize the bioactive components of EEHP, while 2,2′-azinobis(3-ethylbenz-thiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) scavenging assays were used to evaluate the antioxidant potential. The inhibition of the anti-inflammatory activities was evaluated via cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) activities. In silico techniques were used to understand the mechanism of action against COX-2, 5-LOX, and phospholipase A2 (PLA2) and the drug-like properties of EEHP’s phytoconstituents.
Results
EEHP scavenged 74.40 % and 70.72 % of ABTS and H2O2-radicals, respectively, compared with 86.28 % and 72.31 %, respectively, by reference antioxidant (ascorbic acid). EEHP inhibited COX-2 (IC50 = 0.65 mg/ml) and 5-LOX (IC50 = 0.38 mg/ml) activities. Lunamarine, kaempferol, anthocyanin, and flavan-3-ol identified in EEHP were shown to inhibit COX-2 by interacting with Phe518, Arg120, Ala527, Leu352, Tyr385, Trp387, Leu384, Phe381, and Leu384), 5-LOX by interacting with Arg246 and Val243, and PLA2 by interacting with Asp49, Gly30, Gly32, Gly53, and Leu130 amino acids crucial for activities.
Conclusion
Our data suggest that H. pachyantha is a reservoir of phytochemicals with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties and a potential resource in developing new candidates for inflammation-related conditions.
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