一维量子流体中孤子的布洛赫振荡

IF 18.4 1区 物理与天体物理 Q1 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
F. Rabec, G. Chauveau, G. Brochier, S. Nascimbene, J. Dalibard, J. Beugnon
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引用次数: 0

摘要

量子系统在外力作用下的运动经常挑战经典直觉。一个值得注意的例子是周期势中的单个粒子的动力学,它在恒定力的作用下经历布洛赫振荡。类似的振荡也可以发生在没有晶格的一维量子流体中。将布洛赫振荡推广到相互作用粒子的弱有界系综,迄今为止仅限于双粒子情况的实验研究,其中观察到的周期与单粒子情况相比减半。在这项工作中,我们观察了一个由大约1000个原子组成的介观孤子波包在一维玻色气体中受到恒定均匀力和没有晶格势时的位置振荡。振荡周期与原子数量成反比,揭示了它的集体性质。我们展示了波包移动的量子浴的相位相干性的作用,并研究了相关超流体电流的潜在拓扑结构。我们的测量突出了一维量子系统中集体激发色散关系的周期性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Bloch oscillations of a soliton in a one-dimensional quantum fluid

Bloch oscillations of a soliton in a one-dimensional quantum fluid

The motion of a quantum system under an external force often challenges classical intuition. A notable example is the dynamics of a single particle in a periodic potential, which undergoes Bloch oscillations under the action of a constant force. Similar oscillations can also occur in one-dimensional quantum fluids without a lattice. The generalization of Bloch oscillations to a weakly bounded ensemble of interacting particles has so far been limited to the experimental study of the two-particle case, where the observed period is halved compared to the single-particle case. In this work, we observe the oscillations of the position of a mesoscopic solitonic wave packet—consisting of approximately 1,000 atoms—in a one-dimensional Bose gas subjected to a constant uniform force and in the absence of a lattice potential. The oscillation period scales inversely with the number of atoms, revealing its collective nature. We demonstrate the role of the phase coherence of the quantum bath in which the wave packet moves and investigate the underlying topology of the associated superfluid currents. Our measurements highlight the periodicity of the dispersion relation of collective excitations in one-dimensional quantum systems.

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来源期刊
Nature Physics
Nature Physics 物理-物理:综合
CiteScore
30.40
自引率
2.00%
发文量
349
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: Nature Physics is dedicated to publishing top-tier original research in physics with a fair and rigorous review process. It provides high visibility and access to a broad readership, maintaining high standards in copy editing and production, ensuring rapid publication, and maintaining independence from academic societies and other vested interests. The journal presents two main research paper formats: Letters and Articles. Alongside primary research, Nature Physics serves as a central source for valuable information within the physics community through Review Articles, News & Views, Research Highlights covering crucial developments across the physics literature, Commentaries, Book Reviews, and Correspondence.
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