Nick Barton, Abdeljalil Bouzouggar, Stacy Carolin, Louise Humphrey
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引用次数: 0
摘要
在过去的25年里,由于新的实地考察项目和对该地区科学兴趣的相应增长,对西北非洲早期史前的认识发生了根本性的变化。这项工作的大部分集中在摩洛哥,以其极其丰富的化石和洞穴和岩石避难所的考古记录而闻名。在这里,我们概述了一些关于中期(MSA)到后期(LSA)石器时代的重要发现。我们描述了对该地区人类职业的性质和年表的理解的转变,以及关于人类行为进化的思想的变化。在MSA(约300 - 29000年前),智人的主要行为变化似乎主要发生在潮湿阶段,尽管并非全部。本文还讨论了MSA和LSA之间的关系。此前,人们认为这两个文化单位之间存在相当大的间隔(约29,000至23,000年前),但来自Taforalt洞穴的证据表明,占领差距正在缩小。最后,本文研究了在~ 15,000 cal BP时,LSA土地利用行为的变化导致定居行为增加和植物性食物开发的加剧。
A reappraisal of the Middle to Later Stone Age prehistory of Morocco
Over the last 25 years, perceptions of the early prehistory of Northwest Africa have undergone radical changes due to new fieldwork projects and a corresponding growth in scientific interest in the region. Much of this work has been focused in Morocco, known for its extremely rich fossil and archaeological records in caves and rock shelters. Here we outline some of the critical findings concerning the Middle (MSA) to Later (LSA) Stone Age periods. We describe shifts in the understanding of the nature and chronology of human occupation in this region as well as changes in ideas concerning the evolution of human behaviour. Major behavioural changes in the MSA (∼300–29,000 years ago) attributed to Homo sapiens seem to have occurred mainly during humid phases, though not exclusively. The article also considers the relationship between the MSA and the LSA. Previously it was believed that there was a considerable hiatus separating these two cultural units (∼29,000 to ∼23,000 years ago) but evidence from Taforalt cave shows a narrowing of the gap in occupation. Finally, the article examines changes in land‐use behaviours in the LSA at ∼15,000 cal BP resulting in increased sedentism and an intensification in the exploitation of plant foods.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute is the principal journal of the oldest anthropological organization in the world. It has attracted and inspired some of the world"s greatest thinkers. International in scope, it presents accessible papers aimed at a broad anthropological readership. It is also acclaimed for its extensive book review section, and it publishes a bibliography of books received.