Anti CD19-PAMAM G4-PEG nano-complex as a potential targeted delivery system against leukemia

In recent decades, cancer has been dramatically leading to high amounts of death all over the world, and leukemia is one of the progressing cancers that should stop somehow. To prevent its health-threatening incidence, nanoparticle-based targeting drug delivery systems are crucially needed. As a result, the polyethylene glycol (P) modified and anti-CD19 antibody (Ab) decorated polyamidoamine (PAMAM G4: P) dendritic nano-complex was developed for effective delivery of sodium butyrate drug (D) to Reh6 leukemia cells in this research work. After the synthesis of the nano-complex, several analytical devices such as FT-IR, TGA, DLS, Zeta potential analyzer, and TEM were applied to the qualification and quantification of syntheses and conjugations. Nanometric size (less than 50 nm in diameter), −4.2 mV surface charge, high drug loading efficiency (14.42%), and appropriate controlled drug release (less than 50% within first 8 h at pH 7.4) profile at different pHs were observed for Ab-P-P-D nano-complex. In the biomedical phase, the MTT assay demonstrated 13.04% cell viability at 800 nM after 24 h of treatment. IC50 was obtained for 100 nM concentration. The Bcl2 and caspase9 genes were indicated less than half and more than 15 folds of expressions at post-treatment time, respectively. The cell cycle arrest was drastically depicted more than 15 folds of cell Reh6 suppression in comparison to control. Moreover, the leukemia cells treated with Ab-P-P-D have demonstrated 42.39% apoptosis which was potentially several folds more than control. These data have verified the potency of the nanocarrier as an effective drug delivery system.