Chemical Profile and Quantitative Comparison of Compounds of Different Botanical Parts of Pogostemon cablin From Different Geographical Regions

In the present study, a comprehensive study on the chemical constituents of Pogostemon cablin (PC) based on plant metabolomics was conducted. A total of 72 nonvolatile and 72 volatile chemical components of PC were characterized by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS), respectively. Subsequently, 15 nonvolatile and 14 volatile chemical components were identified as potential markers for discriminating between different botanical parts of PC. Furthermore, 20 major compounds of PC were quantitatively determined by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) and the GC–MS method. Notably, the content of pogostone in the aerial part was the highest. Conversely, the content of other components in the leaves was relatively high, with patchouli alcohol being the highest. This study elucidates in detail the metabolic analysis of different botanical parts of PC and provides a reliable reference for its development and rationalization.