The bi-objective emergency system location-allocation approach based on the improved risk assessment in petrochemical industrial zone

Petrochemical industrial zones pose significant risks due to the inherent properties of their products and the potential domino effect. This paper focuses on optimizing the emergency system in the petrochemical industrial zone. An improved quantitative risk assessment method considering the domino effect following fire and explosion incidents has been proposed, utilizing the regional gridding method and Monte Carlo simulation. On this basis, a bi-objective emergency system location-allocation model was established to minimize the total cost of emergency facility construction and maximize the total risk reduction covered by emergency facilities. To address the bi-objective problem, the weighted linear combination method and the augmented ε-constraint solution technique were introduced and compared. Tests indicated that the AEC method was more competitive in obtaining the optimal solution. Moreover, the proposed model was applied to the Daya Bay petrochemical industrial zone in China to verify its effectiveness. Compared to the recommended location-allocation plan based on the traditional risk model, the proposed method increased individual risk coverage by 68.13 % and accident area coverage by 50 %, incurring only a modest increase in total cost. This paper serves as a supplement to the theory of risk assessment and management in the petrochemical industrial zone.