{"title":"连续流法制备生物基聚苯并恶嗪的固化动力学及表面性能","authors":"Changlu Zhou, Sentao Lin, Chenpei Li, Shenhao Song, Hongyang Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s10965-025-04499-6","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this work, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran was utilized as a green solvent to synthesize polybenzoxazine precursor (FA-fa) from renewable ferulic acid and furfurylamine in a continuous-flow reactor. The reaction was monitored by the conversion of ferulic acid and the yield of benzoxazine under various conditions, with the optimal reaction temperature and residence time determined using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis. The results show that the conversion of ferulic acid and the yield of FA-fa could reach 84.5% and 75.4%, respectively, at a reaction temperature of 150 °C with an efficient residence time of 12.5 min. The curing kinetics of FA-fa were investigated by in situ FTIR, revealing an apparent activation energy of 155.1 kJ mol<sup>-1</sup> and 154.2 kJ mol<sup>-1</sup>. This relatively low value is the primary reason why FA-fa begins curing at a low temperature of 132.7 °C. The surface free energy of poly(FA-fa) was characterized through contact angle measurements and fully investigated by analyzing the hydrogen bonding constitution via FTIR. The lowest surface free energy was found to be 23.28 mJ·m<sup>-2</sup>, corresponding to a low content of intermolecular hydrogen bonding constitution with a value of 13.47%.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":658,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polymer Research","volume":"32 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8000,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Curing kinetics and surface properties of bio-based polybenzoxazine prepared from monomers synthesized via continuous flow\",\"authors\":\"Changlu Zhou, Sentao Lin, Chenpei Li, Shenhao Song, Hongyang Zhang\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s10965-025-04499-6\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>In this work, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran was utilized as a green solvent to synthesize polybenzoxazine precursor (FA-fa) from renewable ferulic acid and furfurylamine in a continuous-flow reactor. The reaction was monitored by the conversion of ferulic acid and the yield of benzoxazine under various conditions, with the optimal reaction temperature and residence time determined using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis. The results show that the conversion of ferulic acid and the yield of FA-fa could reach 84.5% and 75.4%, respectively, at a reaction temperature of 150 °C with an efficient residence time of 12.5 min. The curing kinetics of FA-fa were investigated by in situ FTIR, revealing an apparent activation energy of 155.1 kJ mol<sup>-1</sup> and 154.2 kJ mol<sup>-1</sup>. This relatively low value is the primary reason why FA-fa begins curing at a low temperature of 132.7 °C. The surface free energy of poly(FA-fa) was characterized through contact angle measurements and fully investigated by analyzing the hydrogen bonding constitution via FTIR. The lowest surface free energy was found to be 23.28 mJ·m<sup>-2</sup>, corresponding to a low content of intermolecular hydrogen bonding constitution with a value of 13.47%.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":658,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of Polymer Research\",\"volume\":\"32 9\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.8000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-08-21\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of Polymer Research\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"92\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10965-025-04499-6\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"化学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"POLYMER SCIENCE\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Polymer Research","FirstCategoryId":"92","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10965-025-04499-6","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"POLYMER SCIENCE","Score":null,"Total":0}
Curing kinetics and surface properties of bio-based polybenzoxazine prepared from monomers synthesized via continuous flow
In this work, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran was utilized as a green solvent to synthesize polybenzoxazine precursor (FA-fa) from renewable ferulic acid and furfurylamine in a continuous-flow reactor. The reaction was monitored by the conversion of ferulic acid and the yield of benzoxazine under various conditions, with the optimal reaction temperature and residence time determined using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis. The results show that the conversion of ferulic acid and the yield of FA-fa could reach 84.5% and 75.4%, respectively, at a reaction temperature of 150 °C with an efficient residence time of 12.5 min. The curing kinetics of FA-fa were investigated by in situ FTIR, revealing an apparent activation energy of 155.1 kJ mol-1 and 154.2 kJ mol-1. This relatively low value is the primary reason why FA-fa begins curing at a low temperature of 132.7 °C. The surface free energy of poly(FA-fa) was characterized through contact angle measurements and fully investigated by analyzing the hydrogen bonding constitution via FTIR. The lowest surface free energy was found to be 23.28 mJ·m-2, corresponding to a low content of intermolecular hydrogen bonding constitution with a value of 13.47%.
期刊介绍:
Journal of Polymer Research provides a forum for the prompt publication of articles concerning the fundamental and applied research of polymers. Its great feature lies in the diversity of content which it encompasses, drawing together results from all aspects of polymer science and technology.
As polymer research is rapidly growing around the globe, the aim of this journal is to establish itself as a significant information tool not only for the international polymer researchers in academia but also for those working in industry. The scope of the journal covers a wide range of the highly interdisciplinary field of polymer science and technology, including:
polymer synthesis;
polymer reactions;
polymerization kinetics;
polymer physics;
morphology;
structure-property relationships;
polymer analysis and characterization;
physical and mechanical properties;
electrical and optical properties;
polymer processing and rheology;
application of polymers;
supramolecular science of polymers;
polymer composites.