城市景观与环境压力对老年人心理健康的影响：社区尺度的实证研究

IF 6.7 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Urban Forestry & Urban Greening Pub Date : 2025-08-15 DOI:10.1016/j.ufug.2025.129009

Xu Wang , Zhaoming Wang , Zhifeng WU , Boyu LI , Lei Yao

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引用次数: 0

摘要

心理健康挑战，主要是焦虑和抑郁，已成为影响老年人福祉的关键问题。全面了解社区环境的多方面特征对老年人心理健康的影响，是建设老年友好型城市环境的基本前提。因此，本研究对北京代表性城市化地区的老年人焦虑和抑郁进行了调查。本研究采用两阶段方法：通过短期老年抑郁量表（GDS-15）和老年焦虑量表（GAI）进行标准化心理评估，然后应用增强回归树模型分析城市景观和环境压力对老年人心理健康的潜在关联。结果表明：(1)环境压力对老年人精神障碍的影响大于城市景观。在城市景观中，建筑景观中的建筑密度（BD）对GDS-15和GAI的贡献率分别为12.79 %和12.88 %。绿地景观中，绿地密度（GD）（11.26 %）和景观形态指数（GLSI）（11.67 %）分别对GDS-15和GAI有较大贡献。在环境胁迫方面，空气污染（以PM2.5为特征）和热应激（以生理等效温度（PET）为特征）对GDS-15的贡献分别为12.29 %和11.90 %，对GAI的贡献分别为12.77 %和11.92 %。(2)各要素间边际效应明显。当BD和GD分别超过20 %和30 %时，其对老年人心理健康的改善作用减弱或逆转，而PM2.5和PET对GDS-15和GAI的恶化作用在超过97-99 µg/m3和27.6-27.8℃时尤为明显。这些发现为以精神卫生为导向的规划和公共卫生干预提供了有价值的见解。

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Mental health effects of urban landscape and environmental stress on the elderly, an empirical community-scale study

Mental health challenges, predominantly anxiety and depression, have emerged as critical issues affecting elderly well-being. A comprehensive understanding of the effect of multifaceted characteristics of community environment on elderly mental health is a fundamental prerequisite for the development of age-friendly urban environments. Therefore, this study investigated elderly anxiety and depression in a representative urbanized region of Beijing. The research employed a two-phase methodology: administering standardized psychological assessments through short Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15) and Geriatric Anxiety Inventory (GAI), followed by the application of the Boosted Regression Tree model to analyze the potential associations of urban landscape and environmental stress on elderly mental health. Results show that: (1) Environmental stress is generally more important for elderly mental disorders than urban landscape. Among urban landscape, building density (BD) in building landscape contributed 12.79 % and 12.88 % to GDS-15 and GAI, respectively. Besides, in green space landscape, green space density (GD) (11.26 %) showed a strong contribution to GDS-15 as well as landscape shape index (GLSI) (11.67 %) to GAI, respectively. Regarding environmental stress, both air pollution (characterized by PM_2.5) and heat stress (characterized by physiological equivalent temperature (PET)) showed strong contributions of 12.29 % and 11.90 to GDS-15 and 12.77 % and 11.92 % to GAI, respectively. (2) Distinct marginal effect emerges across elements. When BD and GD exceeded 20 % and 30 %, respectively, their improvement effects on elderly mental health were weakened or reversed, while the deterioration effects of PM_2.5 and PET on GDS-15 and GAI became particularly pronounced when they exceeded 97–99 µg/m³ and 27.6–27.8℃. These findings provide valuable insights for mental health-oriented planning and public health interventions.

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来源期刊

Urban Forestry & Urban Greening FORESTRY-

CiteScore

11.70

自引率

12.50%

发文量

289

审稿时长

70 days

期刊介绍： Urban Forestry and Urban Greening is a refereed, international journal aimed at presenting high-quality research with urban and peri-urban woody and non-woody vegetation and its use, planning, design, establishment and management as its main topics. Urban Forestry and Urban Greening concentrates on all tree-dominated (as joint together in the urban forest) as well as other green resources in and around urban areas, such as woodlands, public and private urban parks and gardens, urban nature areas, street tree and square plantations, botanical gardens and cemeteries. The journal welcomes basic and applied research papers, as well as review papers and short communications. Contributions should focus on one or more of the following aspects: -Form and functions of urban forests and other vegetation, including aspects of urban ecology. -Policy-making, planning and design related to urban forests and other vegetation. -Selection and establishment of tree resources and other vegetation for urban environments. -Management of urban forests and other vegetation. Original contributions of a high academic standard are invited from a wide range of disciplines and fields, including forestry, biology, horticulture, arboriculture, landscape ecology, pathology, soil science, hydrology, landscape architecture, landscape planning, urban planning and design, economics, sociology, environmental psychology, public health, and education.