Influence of agronomic and processing factors on bioactive compounds of yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis A. St.- Hil): A systematic review

The acquisition of yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis) premium raw material with particular phytochemical profiles is made possible by understanding the variables influencing its chemical composition. Using PRISMA methodology, we made a systematic review choosing papers from indexed journals that connected yerba mate leaves phytochemical properties to cultivation management and processing variables. We discovered that there are still few studies with this focus, the results present discrepancies and the amount of new research on the subject is increasing. Factors related to planting, management, harvesting, and processing can affect the amount of bioactive compounds found in yerba mate leaves and are key to obtain high-quality raw materials. In order to provide more accurate answers, we emphasize the necessity of conducting new research, identifying factors, particularly genetic ones, standardizing sample collection, and developing analytical techniques. We hope that this review will assist in obtaining research insights and bring the possibility to obtain high-quality chemical-grade yerba mate products that are sufficiently tailored to each consumer market.