Meiqi Lai, Jiaxin Xiao, Jie Zhan, Wenting Li, Jianpeng Huang, Sheng Li, Nenggui Xu, Jianhua Liu
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So, we designed a new PAS protocol (namely EA-PAS, an integration of EA and TMS at M1) to investigate whether the EA-PAS has the same effects as the original PAS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To confirm the physiological effects of different EA-PAS protocols, we recorded the baseline MEP amplitude in 20 healthy subjects and conducted assessments at 7-time points after the EA-PAS intervention.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>EA-PAS<sub>25</sub> increased M1 excitability, while EA-PAS<sub>10</sub> decreased it, similar to the original PAS, with effects localized to the target muscle. No significant changes were observed with EA or TMS alone. MEPs rose at ISIs of 17 ms, 25 ms, and 35 ms, but not at 50 ms. ISIs of 10 ms and 14 ms resulted in decreased MEPs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study confirmed that EA-PAS can modulate the excitability of the human M1 and identified new temporal windows, indicating potential prospects for neurological rehabilitation.</p><p><strong>Significance: </strong>This provides a preliminary clinical basis for the future application of EA-PAS in neurological rehabilitation.</p>","PeriodicalId":10671,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neurophysiology","volume":" ","pages":"2110969"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6000,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Paired associative electroacupuncture and transcranial magnetic stimulation induced plasticity in human primary motor cortex.\",\"authors\":\"Meiqi Lai, Jiaxin Xiao, Jie Zhan, Wenting Li, Jianpeng Huang, Sheng Li, Nenggui Xu, Jianhua Liu\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.clinph.2025.2110969\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Paired-associative stimulation (PAS) integrates transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) with peripheral nerve stimulation to modulate the primary motor cortex (M1) in a non-invasive manner. Numerous studies highlight its impact on M1 excitability; however, the interplay between electroacupuncture (EA) and TMS on M1 excitability remains largely unexplored. So, we designed a new PAS protocol (namely EA-PAS, an integration of EA and TMS at M1) to investigate whether the EA-PAS has the same effects as the original PAS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To confirm the physiological effects of different EA-PAS protocols, we recorded the baseline MEP amplitude in 20 healthy subjects and conducted assessments at 7-time points after the EA-PAS intervention.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>EA-PAS<sub>25</sub> increased M1 excitability, while EA-PAS<sub>10</sub> decreased it, similar to the original PAS, with effects localized to the target muscle. No significant changes were observed with EA or TMS alone. MEPs rose at ISIs of 17 ms, 25 ms, and 35 ms, but not at 50 ms. 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Paired associative electroacupuncture and transcranial magnetic stimulation induced plasticity in human primary motor cortex.
Objective: Paired-associative stimulation (PAS) integrates transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) with peripheral nerve stimulation to modulate the primary motor cortex (M1) in a non-invasive manner. Numerous studies highlight its impact on M1 excitability; however, the interplay between electroacupuncture (EA) and TMS on M1 excitability remains largely unexplored. So, we designed a new PAS protocol (namely EA-PAS, an integration of EA and TMS at M1) to investigate whether the EA-PAS has the same effects as the original PAS.
Methods: To confirm the physiological effects of different EA-PAS protocols, we recorded the baseline MEP amplitude in 20 healthy subjects and conducted assessments at 7-time points after the EA-PAS intervention.
Results: EA-PAS25 increased M1 excitability, while EA-PAS10 decreased it, similar to the original PAS, with effects localized to the target muscle. No significant changes were observed with EA or TMS alone. MEPs rose at ISIs of 17 ms, 25 ms, and 35 ms, but not at 50 ms. ISIs of 10 ms and 14 ms resulted in decreased MEPs.
Conclusions: This study confirmed that EA-PAS can modulate the excitability of the human M1 and identified new temporal windows, indicating potential prospects for neurological rehabilitation.
Significance: This provides a preliminary clinical basis for the future application of EA-PAS in neurological rehabilitation.
期刊介绍：
As of January 1999, The journal Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, and its two sections Electromyography and Motor Control and Evoked Potentials have amalgamated to become this journal - Clinical Neurophysiology.
Clinical Neurophysiology is the official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology, the Brazilian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology, the Czech Society of Clinical Neurophysiology, the Italian Clinical Neurophysiology Society and the International Society of Intraoperative Neurophysiology.The journal is dedicated to fostering research and disseminating information on all aspects of both normal and abnormal functioning of the nervous system. The key aim of the publication is to disseminate scholarly reports on the pathophysiology underlying diseases of the central and peripheral nervous system of human patients. Clinical trials that use neurophysiological measures to document change are encouraged, as are manuscripts reporting data on integrated neuroimaging of central nervous function including, but not limited to, functional MRI, MEG, EEG, PET and other neuroimaging modalities.
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