Adiponectin gene polymorphism and TyPE 2 diabetes MellitUS: Contrasting genetic RISKS in overdominant vs recessive and allele models – an updated meta – analysis

Background

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder and adipokines such as adiponectin plays a crucial role in the development of T2DM. Adiponectin is encoded by APM1/ADIPOQ gene and polymorphism has been associated with T2DM. The present study aims to determine the overall effect of major SNP of adiponectin gene with T2DM risk.

Methods

A through literature search was conducted to identify suitable studies and data was extracted. The association of SNP with T2DM was determined using odds ratio (OR) with 95 % C.I.

Result

Allele contrast and recessive model of rs16861194(−11426 A > G), rs266729(−1137C > G), rs2241766(+45 T > G), rs17300539(−11,391 G > A) and rs822396(−3971 G > A) genotype of the APM1/ADIPOQ gene was associated with reduced T2DM risk. The African and Asian population subgroup demonstrated lower T2DM risk under allele contrast and recessive model of rs16861194 and rs2241766 while Caucasian was associated with reduced risk in recessive model of rs266729. The rs822396 variant demonstrated lower risk under allele contrast and recessive model in Asian subgroup. The rs2241767(+346 A > G) polymorphism was associated with reduced T2DM risk under allele contrast and in subgroup analysis only African population showed significant association. In contrast, the over dominant model was associated with increased T2DM risk in rs16861194, rs266729, rs182052, rs2241766, rs17300539 and rs822396. The African and Asian ethnicity demonstrated an increased risk in over dominant model with rs16861194 and rs2241766 while Asian ethnicity showed significant association under over dominant model in rs182052 and rs822396. The rs3774261(+712 A > G) and rs1501299(+276G > T) showed no association with T2DM risk.

Conclusion

The major polymorphism of adiponectin showed increased risk under overdominant model while showed a reduced risk under allele and recessive genetic model.