Serum biomarkers and clinicopathologic postoperative prognostic factors for in endometrial cancer patients.

Objective: To explore the factors influencing the prognosis of endometrial cancer (EC) patients and assess their quality of life.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted involving 190 patients with EC who underwent surgical treatment in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University between January 2008 and December 2018. Clinical and pathologic data were collected, and all patients received appropriate follow-up. Univariate analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to identify the factors related to EC prognosis and independent predictors of outcome. Additionally, the predictive performance of the serum biomarkers carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), cancer antigen 125 (CA125), and CA199 for patient prognosis were evaluated.

Results: All 190 EC patients had complete clinical, pathologic, and follow-up data. The median survival time was 88.95 months, with a 5-year survival rate of 94.4%. Univariate analysis showed that older age, postmenopausal status, higher FIGO stage, deeper myometrial invasion, poorer tissue differentiation, lymph node metastasis, and receipt of postoperative chemotherapy and combined radiotherapy were significantly associated with worse prognosis (P<0.05). The sensitivities of CEA, CA125, and CA199 for predicting adverse prognosis were 86.7%, 97.6%, and 82.4%, respectively; specificities were 72.0%, 68.0%, and 80.0%, respectively. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs) were 0.681, 0.867, and 0.853, respectively.

Conclusion: Postoperative prognosis in patients with endometrial cancer is influenced by multiple clinical and pathological factors. Serological markers CEA, CA125, and CA199 demonstrated favorable predictive value.