Genetically Predicted PD1 and the Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases

Genetically speaking, ICI was mainly referred to as PD-1. We utilized a two-sample MR analysis model to assess the causative impact of PD1 on six kinds of CVDs, including coronary atherosclerosis, atrial fibrillation (AF), myocarditis, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, dilated cardiomyopathy, and heart failure (HF). In this study, the IVW model as the primary MR approach revealed that genetically predicted PD1 has a causal impact on the increased risk of coronary atherosclerosis (OR, 1.062; 95% CI, 1.031–1.095, p = 6.81E-05), as well as myocarditis (OR, 1.177; 95% CI, 1.010–1.371, p = 0.037). However, genetically predicted PD1 does not significantly increase the risk of AF (OR, 1.024; 95% CI, 0.969–1.082, p = 0.398), HF (OR, 1.025; 95% CI, 0.971–1.081, p = 0.371), dilated cardiomyopathy (OR, 0.924; 95% CI, 0.819–1.044, p = 0.207), and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (OR, 1.047; 95% CI, 0.838–1.308, p = 0.685). Our study found that genetically predicted PD1 has a causal impact on the increased risk of coronary atherosclerosis and myocarditis.