Investigation of shape memory and mechanical properties of MWCNT and graphene nano filler reinforced epoxy composite

Shape memory polymers (SMPs) represent a novel class of materials capable of recovering their original configuration after deformation through exposure to external triggers like heat, light, or electric fields. Despite their potential applications, SMPs often encounter challenges related to inadequate mechanical strength and slow response rates. In order to improve these characteristics, researchers have introduced multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and graphene into the polymer matrix, leading to the growth of advanced shape memory polymer composites (SMPCs). The current research investigation delves into the impact of MWCNTs and graphene on the mechanical attributes of SMPCs. The fabrication of these composites involved the dispersion of varying concentrations of MWCNTs and graphene within the polymer matrix, utilizing techniques such as solution mixing and melt mixing. The composites that resulted were analyzed in order to assess enhancements in tensile strength, flexural strength and fracture toughness. Furthermore, a comprehensive investigation was conducted on the shape memory characteristics, encompassing recovery speed and fixity ratio. SEM analysis was carried out on three-point bend test samples. The results flaunted that the introduction of MWCNTs and graphene led to a significant enhancement in the mechanical properties of the SMP composites. The recovery ratio, recovery time, and recovery rate for the 0.4 wt% MWCNTs composite are 97.55%, 11 s, and 10.42, respectively, which are higher than those of all other composite weight percentages. The shape memory performance displayed quicker recovery rates, heightened recovery stresses, and remarkable cycling stability. The incorporation of MWCNTs and graphene into SMPs considerably enhances their overall performance, rendering them suitable for a broad spectrum of advanced uses such as biomedical equipment, aerospace elements, and adaptable electronics. The novelty of this study lies in the comparative investigation of shape memory behavior and mechanical properties of epoxy composites reinforced with MWCNTs and graphene nano fillers at varying weight fractions.