从脆弱性到生存能力：气候智能型农业作为尼日利亚以玉米为基础的农户生产力和粮食安全的驱动因素

Q2 Environmental Science

Environmental Challenges Pub Date : 2025-08-13 DOI:10.1016/j.envc.2025.101268

Adetomiwa Kolapo , Stefan Sieber

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引用次数: 0

摘要

气候变化对尼日利亚的农业生产力和粮食安全构成重大威胁，尤其是对尼日利亚西南部种植玉米的小农，那里不稳定的降雨、干旱和洪水加剧了脆弱性。气候智慧型农业（CSA）被越来越多地用于增强抵御力，但其对生产力和粮食安全的影响仍未得到充分探索。本研究调查了CSA实践如何缓解尼日利亚玉米农户的气候变化脆弱性，重点研究了它们对玉米产量和家庭粮食安全的影响，并确定了影响其实施的因素。该研究在尼日利亚西南部进行，采用多阶段分层随机抽样技术对480名种植玉米的农民进行了抽样。本研究采用结构化问卷调查的方式，收集了农户膳食多样性评分（hds）、农户粮食不安全获取量表（HFIAS）评分和农户粮食不安全获取流行率（HFIAP）等农户粮食安全数据，并采用描述性统计、多项内生转换回归（MESRM）、Tobit回归和倾向评分匹配（PSM）进行分析。脆弱性评估采用家庭脆弱性指数（HVI）。采用CSA的比例各不相同，耐旱玉米品种占76%，土壤保持品种占44%，有机肥品种占39%。MESRM的产量显著提高（联合增产80.859 kg/ha）。CSA改善了hdd，但HFIAS分数在某些实践中意外上升，这表明了权衡。采用受年龄、性别和推广途径的影响，存在家庭规模和劳动力限制等障碍。脆弱性分析强调了区域气候风险，CSA降低了暴露度和敏感性。CSA提高了抵御力和生产力，但需要有针对性的战略来解决采用障碍和粮食安全的复杂性。综合方法和政策支持对于实现气候脆弱玉米系统效益最大化至关重要。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

From vulnerability to viability: Climate-Smart agriculture as drivers of productivity and food security in Nigerian maize-based farming households

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From vulnerability to viability: Climate-Smart agriculture as drivers of productivity and food security in Nigerian maize-based farming households

Climate change poses significant threats to agricultural productivity and food security in Nigeria, particularly among smallholder maize farmers in Southwest Nigeria, where erratic rainfall, droughts, and floods exacerbate vulnerability. Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA) is increasingly adopted to enhance resilience, yet its effects on productivity and food security remain underexplored. This study investigates how CSA practices mitigate climate change vulnerability among Nigerian maize farming households, focusing on their impact on maize yield and household food security, and identifying factors influencing their implementation. Conducted in Southwest Nigeria, the research sampled 480 maize farmers using a multi-stage stratified random sampling technique. Data on CSA adoption, productivity, and food security (Household Dietary Diversity Score (HDDS), Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) score, and Household Food Insecurity Access Prevalence (HFIAP) were collected via structured questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive statistics, Multinomial Endogenous Switching Regression (MESRM), Tobit regression, and Propensity Score Matching (PSM). Vulnerability was assessed with a Household Vulnerability Index (HVI). CSA adoption varied, with drought-tolerant maize varieties at 76 %, soil conservation at 44 %, and organic fertilizer at 39 %. MESRM showed significant yield increases (80.859 kg/ha with combined practices). HDDS improved with CSA, but HFIAS scores rose unexpectedly for some practices, indicating trade-offs. Adoption was driven by age, gender, and extension access, with barriers including household size and labor constraints. Vulnerability analysis highlighted regional climate risks, with CSA reducing exposure and sensitivity. CSA enhances resilience and productivity but requires tailored strategies to address adoption barriers and food security complexities. Integrated approaches and policy support are critical for maximizing benefits in climate-vulnerable maize systems.

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