{"title":"正规子群的余集与两个共轭类的并集","authors":"Antonio Beltrán","doi":"10.1016/j.jalgebra.2025.08.009","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Let <em>G</em> be a finite group, <em>N</em> a normal subgroup of <em>G</em> and <span><math><mi>x</mi><mo>∈</mo><mi>G</mi><mo>−</mo><mi>N</mi></math></span>. We discuss when the coset <em>Nx</em> is contained in the union of two conjugacy classes, <em>K</em> and <em>D</em>, of <em>G</em>. We show that <em>N</em> need not be solvable, and can even be non-abelian simple, but in these cases, <em>K</em> and <em>D</em> must have the same cardinality, and the non-solvable structure of <em>N</em> is restricted. The non-abelian principal factors of <em>G</em> contained in <em>N</em> are then isomorphic to <span><math><mi>S</mi><mo>×</mo><mo>⋯</mo><mo>×</mo><mi>S</mi></math></span>, where <em>S</em> is a simple group of Lie type of odd characteristic.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14888,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Algebra","volume":"685 ","pages":"Pages 689-702"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8000,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Cosets of normal subgroups and union of two conjugacy classes\",\"authors\":\"Antonio Beltrán\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.jalgebra.2025.08.009\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><div>Let <em>G</em> be a finite group, <em>N</em> a normal subgroup of <em>G</em> and <span><math><mi>x</mi><mo>∈</mo><mi>G</mi><mo>−</mo><mi>N</mi></math></span>. We discuss when the coset <em>Nx</em> is contained in the union of two conjugacy classes, <em>K</em> and <em>D</em>, of <em>G</em>. We show that <em>N</em> need not be solvable, and can even be non-abelian simple, but in these cases, <em>K</em> and <em>D</em> must have the same cardinality, and the non-solvable structure of <em>N</em> is restricted. The non-abelian principal factors of <em>G</em> contained in <em>N</em> are then isomorphic to <span><math><mi>S</mi><mo>×</mo><mo>⋯</mo><mo>×</mo><mi>S</mi></math></span>, where <em>S</em> is a simple group of Lie type of odd characteristic.</div></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":14888,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of Algebra\",\"volume\":\"685 \",\"pages\":\"Pages 689-702\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.8000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-08-13\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of Algebra\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"100\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0021869325004764\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"数学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"MATHEMATICS\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Algebra","FirstCategoryId":"100","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0021869325004764","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"MATHEMATICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
Cosets of normal subgroups and union of two conjugacy classes
Let G be a finite group, N a normal subgroup of G and . We discuss when the coset Nx is contained in the union of two conjugacy classes, K and D, of G. We show that N need not be solvable, and can even be non-abelian simple, but in these cases, K and D must have the same cardinality, and the non-solvable structure of N is restricted. The non-abelian principal factors of G contained in N are then isomorphic to , where S is a simple group of Lie type of odd characteristic.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Algebra is a leading international journal and publishes papers that demonstrate high quality research results in algebra and related computational aspects. Only the very best and most interesting papers are to be considered for publication in the journal. With this in mind, it is important that the contribution offer a substantial result that will have a lasting effect upon the field. The journal also seeks work that presents innovative techniques that offer promising results for future research.