大大西洋鲑鱼在高温下急性应激性死亡与缺氧能力不足有关

IF 2.9 2区 生物学 Q2 BIOLOGY
Malthe Hvas , André Morin , Ida B. Johansen , Tone Vågseth
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引用次数: 0

摘要

对鱼类的热研究可以帮助我们了解它们对变暖气候的适应性。大多数实验都是在较小的个体上进行的,由于生理尺度效应,特别是在热耐受性和呼吸能力方面,可能无法代表较大的生命阶段。在本研究中,对大西洋大鲑鱼(Salmo salar)(≈4 kg)在9°C或19°C的海水中驯化3周后进行呼吸测定实验。此外,还评估了鳃和心脏的形态特征。在9°C时,代谢率与早期对较小鱼类的研究相似。然而,在19°C应激暴露后,81%的鱼在约6小时内意外死亡,而存活的鱼很难恢复基线代谢率。最值得注意的是,最大代谢率在不同温度下保持相似,而先前发现的较小的大西洋鲑鱼的最大代谢率在接近致命温度之前会增加。由于标准代谢率也不可避免地随着温度的升高而增加,有氧作用范围在19°C时减小。同时片层密度未受影响,表明鳃表面积相似。然而,驯化于19°C降低了脑室的圆度和对称性,而球茎宽度与脑室宽度之比增加。这些变化可能反映了对代谢要求更高的环境的适应性反应。然而,在19°C的压力下,鱼似乎无法提供足够的氧气,我们认为这是生理上的尺度限制。因此,大西洋大马哈鱼在高温下更容易受到压力导致的死亡,这表明相对于体型较小的个体,它们的耐热性更低。这突出了在实验中纳入较大的鱼的必要性,作为在体型差异较大的情况下热耐受性变化的潜在基础。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Acute stress-induced mortality in big Atlantic salmon at high temperatures is associated with insufficient oxygen uptake capacity
Thermal studies on fish can help us to understand their robustness to warming climates. Most experiments are performed on smaller individuals and may not represent larger life-stages owing to physiological scaling effects, particularly with regards to thermal tolerance and respiratory capacities. In this study, respirometry experiments were performed on big Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) (≈4 kg) following 3-weeks acclimation to seawater of 9 °C or 19 °C. Additionally, gill and heart morphology traits were assessed. At 9 °C metabolic rates resembled earlier work on smaller fish. However, at 19 °C following stress exposure, 81 % died unexpectedly within ≈6 h while surviving fish struggled to recover a baseline metabolic rate. Most noteworthy was that maximum metabolic rates remained similar across temperature whereas smaller Atlantic salmon previously were found to increase their maximum metabolic rates until near-lethal temperatures. As standard metabolic rates also inevitably increases with temperature, aerobic scopes become reduced at 19 °C. Meanwhile lamellar density was unaffected, indicating similar gill surface areas. However, acclimation to 19 °C reduced ventricle roundness and symmetry, while bulbus width to ventricle width ratios increased. These changes presumably reflect adaptive responses to more metabolically demanding environments. Yet the fish appeared unable to supply sufficient oxygen at 19 °C during stress, which we attribute to physiological scaling constraints. Big Atlantic salmon were therefore more susceptible to stress-induced mortality at elevated temperatures, indicating reduced thermal tolerance relative to smaller individuals. This highlights the need to include larger fish in experiments as the underlying basis for thermal tolerance changes across large differences in body size.
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来源期刊
Journal of thermal biology
Journal of thermal biology 生物-动物学
CiteScore
5.30
自引率
7.40%
发文量
196
审稿时长
14.5 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of Thermal Biology publishes articles that advance our knowledge on the ways and mechanisms through which temperature affects man and animals. This includes studies of their responses to these effects and on the ecological consequences. Directly relevant to this theme are: • The mechanisms of thermal limitation, heat and cold injury, and the resistance of organisms to extremes of temperature • The mechanisms involved in acclimation, acclimatization and evolutionary adaptation to temperature • Mechanisms underlying the patterns of hibernation, torpor, dormancy, aestivation and diapause • Effects of temperature on reproduction and development, growth, ageing and life-span • Studies on modelling heat transfer between organisms and their environment • The contributions of temperature to effects of climate change on animal species and man • Studies of conservation biology and physiology related to temperature • Behavioural and physiological regulation of body temperature including its pathophysiology and fever • Medical applications of hypo- and hyperthermia Article types: • Original articles • Review articles
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