“Intelligence Running Wild”: Edward Podvoll (1936–2003) and the Unfolding of the “Contemplative Psychotherapy” Project

This paper explores the origins and development of the “contemplative psychotherapy” project in the United States, emerging around psychoanalyst Edward Podvoll and the intellectual environment at Naropa University during the 1970s and 1980s. It situates Podvoll's work within the broader dialogue between Buddhism and Western psychotherapy, highlighting how his contributions shed light on this dynamic and complex encounter. The paper begins by outlining Podvoll's psychiatric and psychoanalytic background, then examines the establishment of contemplative psychotherapy at Naropa, and finally discusses the creation of the Windhorse community therapy model—while contextualising Podvoll's dialogues with influential figures such as Chögyam Trungpa, Erik Erikson, Manfred Bleuler, and Oliver Sacks. Drawing on published and unpublished material by Podvoll, it argues that his work exemplified a pioneering effort to integrate Buddhist and psychoanalytic perspectives on mental health and recovery. At the same time, the paper reflects on some of the conceptual and therapeutic tensions that arise when spiritual and clinical paradigms converge. By examining contemplative psychotherapy as both a historical case study and a continuing experiment, the paper contributes to ongoing debates about the possibilities—and limits—of East–West intersections in psychological practice.