Perovskite scintillators for X-ray detection and imaging

Perovskite scintillators have emerged as one class of competitive scintillators for next-generation X-ray detection and imaging due to their unique properties, including high atomic number (Z), superior radiation absorption capability, high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY), ultrafast response time, excellent spatial resolution, and low-cost fabrication. The tunable structure and versatile chemical compositions of perovskite scintillators provide distinguishable advantages over traditional inorganic scintillators for optimizing scintillation performance. This review briefly outlines the historical development of scintillators and categorizes perovskite-based scintillators based on their structural characteristics, introducing key performance parameters and evaluation criteria. Recent progress is then summarized in three major application domains: high-resolution X-ray imaging, ultrafast dynamic imaging, and multi-energy spectral imaging. The discussion highlights representative achievements and technical challenges associated with light yield, temporal response, and image resolution. Finally, current research bottlenecks, such as poor environmental stability, fabrication complexity, and system integration issues, are examined, and potential strategies for future development are proposed, including material optimization, structural engineering, and interdisciplinary system-level integration. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of perovskite scintillators and promote their practical implementation in advanced radiation detection technologies.