Prevalence and the Mutual Relationship Between Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Arbovirus: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Current Evidence.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive condition affecting the lungs, marked by persistent respiratory symptoms. The prevalence and the risk of COPD in arboviruses types is not fully addressed clinically. We aim to determine the prevalence and the risk of COPD in arboviruses by a systematic review and meta-analysis. A comprehensive literature review was conducted systematically across several databases, including PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Science (WoS), and Embase to find relevant studies up to April 30, 2025. A random-effects model was employed to analyse the relationship between the presence of arboviruses and the clinical implications associated with COPD. This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted following the standard methodology outlined in the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) protocol. We identified 17 studies that met the inclusion criteria for this analysis. The prevalence of COPD in individuals with arbovirus was (10%, 95% CI 6%-13.5%). Moreover, the prevalence of COPD was in dengue virus (5.2%, 95% CI 3.2%-8.2%), chikungunya virus (26.4%, 95% CI 9.7%-54.3%) and West Nile virus (7.6%, 95% CI 4.9%-11.7%). The summary odds ratio (SOR) showed a significant risk of COPD in chikungunya virus (5.1, 95% CI 2.08-12.8) and West Nile virus (1.7, 95% CI 1.25-2.5) but not in patients with dengue virus. Subgroup analysis demonstrated significant association between severity COPD with age and type of study design. Higher prevalence of COPD was found in individuals with chikungunya virus compared with other arboviruses. Findings of the current study will help to public health practitioners and clinicians for better understanding and proper management of COPD in individuals with arbovirus in general population.