Jaime Jiménez, Carolina Juncá-Morales, Myrto Mela, Victor Sadras, Aránzazu Moreno, Alberto Fereres
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引用次数: 0
摘要
预计气候变化将增加若干地区干旱的强度和频率,可能影响蚜虫-病毒-植物关系。在这里,我们研究了水分状况和病毒感染对植物性状、病毒传播和蚜虫摄食行为的综合影响。建立了四种病毒联合处理(1):单感染黄瓜花叶病毒、CMV(非持续性)、单感染瓜蚜传播的黄色病毒CABYV(持续性)、双感染和模拟对照;(2)五种水处理方式对甜瓜cv的影响。在甜瓜cv上的Bazan (exp. 1)或两个水制度。Piel de Sapo(实验2)。病毒和干旱减少了植株的干重、叶数和叶面积。在实验1中,干旱降低了cmv感染植株的症状严重程度。严重干旱不影响CMV的接种率,但短暂、中度的水分胁迫降低了CABYV的传播率。在实验2中,干旱和病毒感染改变了棉蚜的取食行为。在水分充足而非干旱的植物上,与模拟接种的对照相比,CABYV和CABYV和CMV双重感染都减少了韧皮部液的被动摄入(E2波形),这对持续性病毒的传播至关重要。在干旱的植物上,蚜虫产生较短的细胞内穿孔(波形pd),与非持久性病毒的传播有关。然而,以感染CMV或同时感染CMV和CABYV的干旱植物为食的蚜虫的pd持续时间没有减少。尽管干旱对植物表型有显著影响,但干旱合并病毒感染对蚜虫与病毒传播相关的取食行为没有影响。
Impact of Drought and Virus Infection on Plant Traits, Virus Transmission Rate and Aphid Feeding Behavior.
Climate change is projected to increase the intensity and frequency of drought in several regions, potentially impacting aphid-virus-plant relationships. Here, we investigated the combined effects of water regime and virus infection on plant traits, virus transmission, and aphid feeding behaviour. Two factorial experiments were established that combined (i) four virus treatments: single infection with cucumber mosaic virus, CMV (non-persistent), single infection with cucurbit aphid-borne yellows virus CABYV (persistent), double infection and mock control, with (ii) five water regimes on melon cv. Bazan (exp. 1) or two water regimes on melon cv. Piel de Sapo (exp. 2). Virus and drought reduced plant dry weight, number of leaves, and leaf area. In exp. 1, drought reduced symptom severity on CMV-infected plants. Severe drought did not affect CMV inoculation rate, but transient, moderate water stress reduced the transmission rate of CABYV. In exp. 2 drought and virus infection altered the feeding behavior of A. gossypii. On well-watered but not on droughted plants, both CABYV and double infection with CABYV and CMV reduced passive phloem sap ingestion (E2 waveform), critical for transmission of persistent viruses, in comparison to mock-inoculated controls. On droughted plants, aphids produced shorter intracellular punctures (waveform pd), associated with transmission of non-persistent viruses. However, pd duration was not reduced for aphids that fed on droughted plants infected with CMV or with both CMV and CABYV. Despite the significant impact of drought on the plant phenotype, drought combined with virus infection had no impact on aphid feeding behavior related to virus transmission.
期刊介绍:
Phytopathology publishes articles on fundamental research that advances understanding of the nature of plant diseases, the agents that cause them, their spread, the losses they cause, and measures that can be used to control them. Phytopathology considers manuscripts covering all aspects of plant diseases including bacteriology, host-parasite biochemistry and cell biology, biological control, disease control and pest management, description of new pathogen species description of new pathogen species, ecology and population biology, epidemiology, disease etiology, host genetics and resistance, mycology, nematology, plant stress and abiotic disorders, postharvest pathology and mycotoxins, and virology. Papers dealing mainly with taxonomy, such as descriptions of new plant pathogen taxa are acceptable if they include plant disease research results such as pathogenicity, host range, etc. Taxonomic papers that focus on classification, identification, and nomenclature below the subspecies level may also be submitted to Phytopathology.