鲸类动物中红喉丹毒的发生、流行病学和疫苗反应:基于两次全球调查的30年回顾性研究。

IF 1.2 4区 农林科学 Q3 FISHERIES
Geraldine Lacave, E Cox
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引用次数: 0

摘要

丹毒是一种由丹毒弧菌引起的传染病,一直威胁着海洋哺乳动物的生存。1989-2000年第一次关于丹毒发生情况的全球调查(涵盖1384只动物)报告了69例丹毒(5%)。为了更好地了解疾病流行病学和疫苗相关反应,进行了第二次调查(2001-2020年),回复率达到68.6%(140/204个设施),包括2267只鲸目动物。报告108例(4.8%),年发病5例以上,病死率50%。在40%的应对设施中至少报告了1例病例,所有病例均涉及未接种疫苗的动物或仅接种过一两次疫苗的动物。大多数设施在遇到病例后开始接种疫苗,而对不良致命过敏反应的恐惧仍然是避免接种的主要原因。值得注意的是,1989年仅报告了1例致命的疫苗反应,尽管普鲁卡因青霉素已被联合施用。不良反应是罕见的,大多类似于预期的炎症反应接种后,如厌食,局部肿胀或血液变化。含有α -生育酚或Amphigen®的油佐剂疫苗更常见,而基于氢氧化铝的疫苗则很少或不存在。三个使用Amphigen®佐剂ER Bac®Plus疫苗(Zoetis)的设施在多次接种后观察到8只动物的短暂嗜睡和不规则呼吸,其中1只已接受治疗。观察到疫苗可得性的区域差异。这项30年的回顾性研究强调,人类护理的鲸类动物死于丹毒的风险比死于疫苗副作用的风险更大。此外,定期接种疫苗似乎可以有效预防这种可预防的疾病。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae occurrence, epidemiology and vaccine reactions in cetaceans: a thirty-year retrospective based on two global surveys.

Erysipelas, an infection caused by Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, has always been a threat to marine mammal collections. A first global survey (1989-2000) about erysipelas occurrences, covering 1384 animals, reported 69 cases of erysipelas (5%). To better understand the disease epidemiology and vaccine-related reactions, a second survey (2001-2020) was conducted, reaching a 68.6% response rate (140/204 facilities) and including 2267 cetaceans. It reported 108 cases (4.8%), with more than 5 cases annually and a 50% fatality rate. At least 1 case was reported in 40% of responding facilities, all involving non-vaccinated animals or those vaccinated only once or twice. Most facilities began vaccinating after experiencing a case, while fear of adverse fatal anaphylaxis reaction remains the primary reason for avoiding it. Notably, only 1 fatal vaccine reaction was reported in 1989, though procaine penicillin had been co-administered. Adverse reactions were rare and mostly resembled expected inflammatory reactions post vaccination such as anorexia, local swelling or blood changes. These were more frequent with oil-adjuvanted vaccines containing alpha-tocopherol or Amphigen®, and minimal to absent with aluminum hydroxide-based vaccines. Three facilities using the Amphigen®-adjuvanted ER Bac® Plus vaccine (Zoetis) observed transient lethargy and irregular breathing in 8 animals after several vaccinations, of which 1 had been treated. Regional differences in vaccine availability were observed. This 30 yr retrospective study highlights that cetaceans in human care face a greater risk of dying from erysipelas than from vaccine side effects. Furthermore, regular vaccination appears to offer effective protection against this preventable disease.

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来源期刊
Diseases of aquatic organisms
Diseases of aquatic organisms 农林科学-兽医学
CiteScore
3.10
自引率
0.00%
发文量
53
审稿时长
8-16 weeks
期刊介绍: DAO publishes Research Articles, Reviews, and Notes, as well as Comments/Reply Comments (for details see DAO 48:161), Theme Sections and Opinion Pieces. For details consult the Guidelines for Authors. Papers may cover all forms of life - animals, plants and microorganisms - in marine, limnetic and brackish habitats. DAO''s scope includes any research focusing on diseases in aquatic organisms, specifically: -Diseases caused by coexisting organisms, e.g. viruses, bacteria, fungi, protistans, metazoans; characterization of pathogens -Diseases caused by abiotic factors (critical intensities of environmental properties, including pollution)- Diseases due to internal circumstances (innate, idiopathic, genetic)- Diseases due to proliferative disorders (neoplasms)- Disease diagnosis, treatment and prevention- Molecular aspects of diseases- Nutritional disorders- Stress and physical injuries- Epidemiology/epizootiology- Parasitology- Toxicology- Diseases of aquatic organisms affecting human health and well-being (with the focus on the aquatic organism)- Diseases as indicators of humanity''s detrimental impact on nature- Genomics, proteomics and metabolomics of disease- Immunology and disease prevention- Animal welfare- Zoonosis
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