{"title":"最有效的口服降糖药的构效关系（SAR）研究综述","authors":"Fathiy Mutalabisin, Nader Ghaffari Khaligh","doi":"10.2174/0115680266379581250804035449","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diabetes mellitus, a chronic metabolic disorder, poses a significant global health challenge, demanding continuous research into effective treatments. With projections of 629 million individuals affected by 2045 and escalating healthcare costs, the need for new anti-diabetic medications is urgent. Current therapies often present limitations, including undesirable side effects and insufficient long-term efficacy. This review explores the development of oral anti-diabetic drugs (OADs), focusing on the structure-activity relationship (SAR) employed to create both established and emerging classes of medications. We examine the six major OAD classes: biguanides, sulfonylureas, meglitinides, thiazolidinediones, DPP-4 inhibitors, and SGLT2 inhibitors. In addition, a new promising class of OAD, namely metal complexes, is discussed. This review highlights the crucial role of synthetic chemistry in advancing diabetes treatment and improving patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":11076,"journal":{"name":"Current topics in medicinal chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3000,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"A Structure-activity Relationship (SAR) Insight for the Most Effective Oral Antidiabetic Compounds-A Current Review.\",\"authors\":\"Fathiy Mutalabisin, Nader Ghaffari Khaligh\",\"doi\":\"10.2174/0115680266379581250804035449\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>Diabetes mellitus, a chronic metabolic disorder, poses a significant global health challenge, demanding continuous research into effective treatments. With projections of 629 million individuals affected by 2045 and escalating healthcare costs, the need for new anti-diabetic medications is urgent. Current therapies often present limitations, including undesirable side effects and insufficient long-term efficacy. This review explores the development of oral anti-diabetic drugs (OADs), focusing on the structure-activity relationship (SAR) employed to create both established and emerging classes of medications. We examine the six major OAD classes: biguanides, sulfonylureas, meglitinides, thiazolidinediones, DPP-4 inhibitors, and SGLT2 inhibitors. In addition, a new promising class of OAD, namely metal complexes, is discussed. This review highlights the crucial role of synthetic chemistry in advancing diabetes treatment and improving patient outcomes.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":11076,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Current topics in medicinal chemistry\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":3.3000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-08-13\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Current topics in medicinal chemistry\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115680266379581250804035449\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"CHEMISTRY, MEDICINAL\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Current topics in medicinal chemistry","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115680266379581250804035449","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"CHEMISTRY, MEDICINAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
A Structure-activity Relationship (SAR) Insight for the Most Effective Oral Antidiabetic Compounds-A Current Review.
Diabetes mellitus, a chronic metabolic disorder, poses a significant global health challenge, demanding continuous research into effective treatments. With projections of 629 million individuals affected by 2045 and escalating healthcare costs, the need for new anti-diabetic medications is urgent. Current therapies often present limitations, including undesirable side effects and insufficient long-term efficacy. This review explores the development of oral anti-diabetic drugs (OADs), focusing on the structure-activity relationship (SAR) employed to create both established and emerging classes of medications. We examine the six major OAD classes: biguanides, sulfonylureas, meglitinides, thiazolidinediones, DPP-4 inhibitors, and SGLT2 inhibitors. In addition, a new promising class of OAD, namely metal complexes, is discussed. This review highlights the crucial role of synthetic chemistry in advancing diabetes treatment and improving patient outcomes.
期刊介绍：
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry is a forum for the review of areas of keen and topical interest to medicinal chemists and others in the allied disciplines. Each issue is solely devoted to a specific topic, containing six to nine reviews, which provide the reader a comprehensive survey of that area. A Guest Editor who is an expert in the topic under review, will assemble each issue. The scope of Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry will cover all areas of medicinal chemistry, including current developments in rational drug design, synthetic chemistry, bioorganic chemistry, high-throughput screening, combinatorial chemistry, compound diversity measurements, drug absorption, drug distribution, metabolism, new and emerging drug targets, natural products, pharmacogenomics, and structure-activity relationships. Medicinal chemistry is a rapidly maturing discipline. The study of how structure and function are related is absolutely essential to understanding the molecular basis of life. Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry aims to contribute to the growth of scientific knowledge and insight, and facilitate the discovery and development of new therapeutic agents to treat debilitating human disorders. The journal is essential for every medicinal chemist who wishes to be kept informed and up-to-date with the latest and most important advances.
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