亏缺灌溉对‘d’anjou’和‘Bartlett’梨树的果实品质、产量和资源配置都有影响

IF 6.5 1区 农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY
Victor Blanco , Noah Willsea , Thiago Campbell , Orlando Howe , Lee Kalcsits
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引用次数: 0

摘要

树木活力过剩是北美梨园的一个普遍问题。调控亏缺灌溉(RDI)等策略有助于控制营养生长,改善果实品质,减少生理失调,提高水分利用效率。对‘ d ’ anjou ‘和’ Bartlett '梨进行了为期两年的研究,评估了它们对三种灌溉策略的反应:(i)整个季节(CTL)以100% %的作物蒸散(ETc)完全灌溉,(ii) 4 - 6月以100% %的ETc进行RDI, 6 - 10月以50% %的ETc进行RDI,以及(iii)基于植物的灌溉(PBI)类似于RDI,但由- 1.25 MPa的茎水势阈值触发。亏缺灌溉降低了土壤含水量、气体交换和中午干水势。‘ d ’ anjou ‘梨树比’ Bartlett '梨树更容易受到水分限制。RDI和PBI处理均能在不影响产量的情况下有效降低树活力和梨木虱的危害。第二年,与CTL相比,单株果实数增加,水分生产力提高了53 % (RDI)和40 % (PBI),而用水量分别下降了37 %和28 %。亏水灌溉的果树的果实始终较小。在低产年份,它们更甜,也不那么坚硬,表明它们成熟得更快。RDI比PBI更能降低果实大小,但两种处理都能改善活力控制和减少梨木虱的危害。在半干旱地区,植物灌溉是管理梨树活力、增强可持续性和保持理想果实品质的有效方法。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Deficit irrigation affects fruit quality, production and resource allocation of ‘d’Anjou’ and ‘Bartlett’ pear trees
Excessive tree vigor is a common problem in North American pear orchards. Strategies like regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) can help manage vegetative growth, improve fruit quality, reduce physiological disorders, and enhance water use efficiency. A two-year study on ‘d’Anjou’ and ‘Bartlett’ pears evaluated their response to three irrigation strategies: (i) full irrigation at 100 % crop evapotranspiration (ETc) throughout the season (CTL), (ii) RDI with 100 % ETc from April–June and 50 % ETc from June–October, and (iii) plant-based irrigation (PBI) similar to RDI but triggered by a stem water potential threshold of −1.25 MPa. Deficit irrigation reduced soil water content, gas exchange, and midday stem water potential. ‘d’Anjou’ pear trees were more vulnerable to water restrictions than ‘Bartlett’. Both RDI and PBI treatments effectively reduced tree vigor and pear psylla damage without compromising yield. In the second year, the number of fruits per tree increased, and water productivity improved by 53 % (RDI) and 40 % (PBI), while water use dropped by 37 % and 28 %, respectively, compared to CTL. Fruits from deficit-irrigated trees were consistently smaller. In a low-crop year, they were sweeter and less firm, suggesting accelerated ripening. RDI reduced fruit size more than PBI, but both treatments improved vigor control and reduced pear psylla damage. In semi-arid regions, plant-based irrigation offers an effective method for managing pear tree vigor, enhancing sustainability, and maintaining desirable fruit quality.
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来源期刊
Agricultural Water Management
Agricultural Water Management 农林科学-农艺学
CiteScore
12.10
自引率
14.90%
发文量
648
审稿时长
4.9 months
期刊介绍: Agricultural Water Management publishes papers of international significance relating to the science, economics, and policy of agricultural water management. In all cases, manuscripts must address implications and provide insight regarding agricultural water management.
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