Characteristics of Esodeviation Related to Hyperopia.

Purpose: To investigate characteristics of esotropia combined with hyperopia in children 4 to 6 years old.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed medical charts of 142 patients (four to six years old, 60 boys and 82 girls) with esotropia combined with hyperopia ( ≥ 1.5 diopters after cycloplegic refraction). The patients were classified into four groups (group 1; fully corrected accommodative esotropia (FCAET), group 2; remained esotropia ≤ 8 prism diopters (AET), group 3; remained esotropia ≥ 10 prism diopters (partially AET, PAET), and group 4; non-responder group (NAET)). We analyzed various factors (best-corrected visual acuity, angle of esodeviation, refractive errors) to determine which variables predict the type of esodeviation.

Results: Girls were well-controlled with glasses (p=0.044). Visual acuity of the better eye and the worse eye, and rate of anisometropic amblyopia were not different among groups (p=0.430, p=0.124, and p=0.189, respectively.). The hyperopia (spherical power) of the AET group was significantly higher than that of the NAET group (p=0.028). The spherical equivalent is also more hyperopic in the AET group than in the NAET group (p=0.040). Near esodeviation in the FCAET was significantly smaller than that of AET (p=0.003). However, the esodeviation in the far distance was not different among groups (p=0.115).

Conclusion: Patients with larger angles of esodeviation and lower degrees of hyperopia were more likely not to respond to glasses Therefore, various factors should be considered when predicting outcomes of motor success of accommodative esotropia before the trial of glasses.