Unpacking the digital literacy–self-regulated learning nexus: A systematic review and a three-level meta-analysis

This systematic review and meta-analysis rigorously investigate the relationship between digital literacy (DL) and self-regulated learning (SRL) across a range of quantitative studies, adhering to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Analyzing data from 31 studies, the results reveal a moderate yet statistically significant correlation between DL and SRL (r = .37), with significant moderation effects observed in relation to the conceptual and operational definitions underlying the measurement instruments, participant characteristics, and geographical contexts. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the DL-SRL relationship, highlighting the methodological and contextual diversity that characterizes this area of research. Moreover, the review identifies a critical gap in the literature: the lack of an integrative theoretical framework guiding empirical investigations into the DL-SRL nexus. Despite limitations concerning sample diversity and geographical representation, this study offers a robust foundation for future research. It calls for more theoretically grounded and culturally inclusive studies to further elucidate the complexities of DL and SRL in contemporary educational environments.