{"title":"毒蘑菇的综合综述:真菌毒素在医学及其他领域的革命性潜力","authors":"Khemraj Sahu , Sajal Saju Deo , Shailesh Kumar Jadhav , Nagendra Kumar Chandrawanshi","doi":"10.1016/j.toxicon.2025.108538","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mushrooms are popular due to their significant health benefits. Globally, over 1,40,000 mushroom varieties, of which 5000 are toxic. Around 100 of these poisonous types account for most reported cases of mushroom poisoning. The accidental consumption of harmful mushrooms poses a significant threat to public health, particularly among indigenous communities that rely on wild mushroom gathering for sustenance. The situation is even more dire in India, where cases of mushroom poisoning often go unreported and ignored. This review focuses on various mycotoxins responsible for harmful consequences by closely examining the mushroom poisoning situation in the Indian subcontinent and globally. It highlights 110 poisonous mushroom species, their toxic compounds, confusion during mushroom gathering, the harmful impacts of mushroom poisoning, and the symptoms they cause in human health, as well as how mushroom mycotoxins could be utilized for the treatment of various diseases in the future. The review will aid in understanding mushrooms while reducing human fatalities and the category of poisonous species, which will open new avenues for pharmaceuticals in cancer treatment and drug development against multiple drug-resistant microbes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23289,"journal":{"name":"Toxicon","volume":"266 ","pages":"Article 108538"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4000,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"A comprehensive review on poisonous mushrooms: The revolutionary potential of mycotoxins in medicine and beyond\",\"authors\":\"Khemraj Sahu , Sajal Saju Deo , Shailesh Kumar Jadhav , Nagendra Kumar Chandrawanshi\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.toxicon.2025.108538\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><div>Mushrooms are popular due to their significant health benefits. Globally, over 1,40,000 mushroom varieties, of which 5000 are toxic. Around 100 of these poisonous types account for most reported cases of mushroom poisoning. The accidental consumption of harmful mushrooms poses a significant threat to public health, particularly among indigenous communities that rely on wild mushroom gathering for sustenance. The situation is even more dire in India, where cases of mushroom poisoning often go unreported and ignored. This review focuses on various mycotoxins responsible for harmful consequences by closely examining the mushroom poisoning situation in the Indian subcontinent and globally. It highlights 110 poisonous mushroom species, their toxic compounds, confusion during mushroom gathering, the harmful impacts of mushroom poisoning, and the symptoms they cause in human health, as well as how mushroom mycotoxins could be utilized for the treatment of various diseases in the future. The review will aid in understanding mushrooms while reducing human fatalities and the category of poisonous species, which will open new avenues for pharmaceuticals in cancer treatment and drug development against multiple drug-resistant microbes.</div></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":23289,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Toxicon\",\"volume\":\"266 \",\"pages\":\"Article 108538\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.4000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-08-11\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Toxicon\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0041010125003137\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Toxicon","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0041010125003137","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY","Score":null,"Total":0}
A comprehensive review on poisonous mushrooms: The revolutionary potential of mycotoxins in medicine and beyond
Mushrooms are popular due to their significant health benefits. Globally, over 1,40,000 mushroom varieties, of which 5000 are toxic. Around 100 of these poisonous types account for most reported cases of mushroom poisoning. The accidental consumption of harmful mushrooms poses a significant threat to public health, particularly among indigenous communities that rely on wild mushroom gathering for sustenance. The situation is even more dire in India, where cases of mushroom poisoning often go unreported and ignored. This review focuses on various mycotoxins responsible for harmful consequences by closely examining the mushroom poisoning situation in the Indian subcontinent and globally. It highlights 110 poisonous mushroom species, their toxic compounds, confusion during mushroom gathering, the harmful impacts of mushroom poisoning, and the symptoms they cause in human health, as well as how mushroom mycotoxins could be utilized for the treatment of various diseases in the future. The review will aid in understanding mushrooms while reducing human fatalities and the category of poisonous species, which will open new avenues for pharmaceuticals in cancer treatment and drug development against multiple drug-resistant microbes.
期刊介绍:
Toxicon has an open access mirror Toxicon: X, sharing the same aims and scope, editorial team, submission system and rigorous peer review. An introductory offer Toxicon: X - full waiver of the Open Access fee.
Toxicon''s "aims and scope" are to publish:
-articles containing the results of original research on problems related to toxins derived from animals, plants and microorganisms
-papers on novel findings related to the chemical, pharmacological, toxicological, and immunological properties of natural toxins
-molecular biological studies of toxins and other genes from poisonous and venomous organisms that advance understanding of the role or function of toxins
-clinical observations on poisoning and envenoming where a new therapeutic principle has been proposed or a decidedly superior clinical result has been obtained.
-material on the use of toxins as tools in studying biological processes and material on subjects related to venom and antivenom problems.
-articles on the translational application of toxins, for example as drugs and insecticides
-epidemiological studies on envenoming or poisoning, so long as they highlight a previously unrecognised medical problem or provide insight into the prevention or medical treatment of envenoming or poisoning. Retrospective surveys of hospital records, especially those lacking species identification, will not be considered for publication. Properly designed prospective community-based surveys are strongly encouraged.
-articles describing well-known activities of venoms, such as antibacterial, anticancer, and analgesic activities of arachnid venoms, without any attempt to define the mechanism of action or purify the active component, will not be considered for publication in Toxicon.
-review articles on problems related to toxinology.
To encourage the exchange of ideas, sections of the journal may be devoted to Short Communications, Letters to the Editor and activities of the affiliated societies.