光激素串扰调节双栽棉花系统营养分枝和产量稳定性

IF 6.4 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Field Crops Research Pub Date : 2025-08-15 DOI:10.1016/j.fcr.2025.110103

Jingyuan Zhou , Ziqing Hua , Yanjun Zhang , Zhenhuai Li , Shizhen Xu , Xiaoli Tian , Hezhong Dong , Zhaohu Li

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引用次数: 0

摘要

双种植系统的特点是每个孔保留两株幼苗，通过抑制营养分枝（VB）而不影响产量，为棉花种植提供了一种劳动效率高的策略。然而，VB抑制和产率稳定性的机制仍然没有得到很好的解决。方法综合生态学、生理学和分子生物学的研究方法，揭示光激素串扰对双栽棉花分枝可塑性的调节机制。在两个季节进行了单种（1S）和双种（2S）系统的田间试验，并进行了冠层小气候分析、稳定同位素（13C）示踪、转录组学和激素分析。结果双栽使vb源棉铃密度降低56.3% %，结实枝（FB）源产量提高12.9 %，籽棉总产量与1S持平。2S下冠层重构使VB位置的光合有效辐射（PAR）和红/远红（R/FR）比值分别降低了45.5 ~ 55.6% %和38.4 %，加剧了光竞争。这激活了phyb - pif - brc1信号轴，触发激素重构：抑制生长素（IAA）；22.1% %)和细胞分裂素(CTKs；24.3-52.2 %)和茉莉酸升高(JA；49.7 %)和脱落酸(ABA；27.8 %)。VB生物量与PAR和促生长激素（IAA、CTKs）呈正相关，与ABA呈负相关。转录组学分析显示，光合作用相关基因（GhLHCB, GhPHYB）和生长促进途径（GhYUC8, GhIPT1）下调，应激反应基因（GhLOX1, GhPYL9）上调。同时，13C示踪显示，FBs优先分配光同化物质，在不损失产量的情况下提高了纤维质量（长7.3 %，强12.4 %）。结论建立了林冠生态、激素动态和光信号三方调控框架，优化资源分配。通过阐明分枝可塑性的分子基础，本研究为培育抗遮荫品种和完善高密度种植系统提供了可行的见解，促进了劳动力受限情况下棉花的可持续生产。

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Light-hormone crosstalk modulates vegetative branching and yield stability in dual-planting cotton systems

Context

Dual-planting systems, characterized by retaining two seedlings per hole, offer a labor-efficient strategy for cotton cultivation by suppressing vegetative branching (VB) without compromising yield. However, the mechanisms underlying VB inhibition and yield stability remain poorly resolved.

Method

This study integrates ecological, physiological, and molecular approaches to unravel how light-hormone crosstalk modulates branching plasticity in dual-planting cotton. Field trials comparing single- (1S) and dual-planting (2S) systems were conducted over two seasons, coupled with canopy microclimate analysis, stable isotope (¹³C) tracing, transcriptomics, and hormonal profiling.

Results

Results demonstrated that dual-planting reduced VB-sourced boll density by 56.3 % while increasing fruiting branch (FB)-sourced yield by 12.9 %, maintaining total seed cotton yield parity with 1S. Canopy restructuring under 2S lowered photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and red/far-red (R/FR) ratios at VB positions by 45.5–55.6 % and 38.4 %, respectively, intensifying light competition. This activated the phyB-PIFs-BRC1 signaling axis, triggering hormonal reconfiguration: suppressed auxin (IAA; 22.1 %) and cytokinin (CTKs; 24.3–52.2 %) levels alongside elevated jasmonate (JA; 49.7 %) and abscisic acid (ABA; 27.8 %). VB biomass correlated positively with PAR and growth-promoting hormones (IAA, CTKs) but negatively with ABA. Transcriptomic analysis revealed downregulation of photosynthesis-related genes (GhLHCB, GhPHYB) and growth-promoting pathways (GhYUC8, GhIPT1), alongside upregulation of stress-responsive genes (GhLOX1, GhPYL9). Concurrently, ¹³C tracing showed preferential photoassimilate allocation to FBs, enhancing fiber quality (7.3 % longer, 12.4 % stronger fibers) without yield loss.

Conclusion

These findings establish a tripartite regulatory framework linking canopy ecology, hormonal dynamics, and light signaling to optimize resource partitioning. By elucidating the molecular basis of branching plasticity, this work provides actionable insights into breeding shade-resilient cultivars and refining high-density planting systems, advancing sustainable cotton production under labor-constrained scenarios.

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来源期刊

Field Crops Research 农林科学-农艺学

CiteScore

9.60

自引率

12.10%

发文量

307

审稿时长

46 days

期刊介绍： Field Crops Research is an international journal publishing scientific articles on: √ experimental and modelling research at field, farm and landscape levels on temperate and tropical crops and cropping systems, with a focus on crop ecology and physiology, agronomy, and plant genetics and breeding.