Burden of ischemic heart disease in China from 1990 to 2021: Data from the global disease burden database 2021

Objectives

This study aims to analyze the disease burden of ischemic heart disease (IHD) in China from 1990 to 2021 utilizing data from Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 database.

Methods

Data from the GBD 2021 database were used to evaluate the prevalence, incidence, mortality, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and years of life lost (YLLs) attributable to IHD in China from 1990 to 2021. Age-standardized rates and Joinpoint analysis were employed to assess temporal trends, with comparisons across gender and age groups.

Results

In 2021, the incidence rate was 365.67 per 100,000 population (95 % CI: 293.32–440.07), and the mortality rate was 110.91 per 100,000 population (95 % CI: 92.42–128.56). Males exhibited a significantly higher disease burden compared to females. Among the population, incidence rates increased markedly after age 60, peaking at ages 70–74, while mortality rates rose sharply after age 75. From 1990 to 2021, the incidence, prevalence, mortality, and DALY rates showed an upward trend. However, after age standardization, the trends for incidence and prevalence flattened, while mortality and DALY rates showed a downward trend. Joinpoint analysis indicated a downward trend in age-standardized incidence, prevalence, mortality, and DALY rates.

Conclusion

The overall burden of IHD in China remains high, but age-standardized data reflects the effectiveness of disease prevention and control. In the future, greater emphasis should be placed on high-risk populations, particularly aging population and postmenopausal women, to further alleviate the social burden of IHD.