Ashraf Ul Kabir, Madhav Subramanian, Yoojung Kwon, Kyunghee Choi
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Immune checkpoint blockade therapy has revolutionized the treatment of metastatic and solid tumours, achieving durable responses in a subset of patients. However, most patients do not respond to immune checkpoint blockade, underscoring the critical need to better understand the determinants of therapeutic efficacy. A key obstacle to effective antitumour immune responses is the abnormal structure and function of tumour-associated blood vessels, which impede immune cell infiltration and contribute to the development of an immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment. Current research highlights the inverse correlation between angiogenesis and immune activity within the tumour microenvironment. In this Review, we discuss tumour angiogenesis in the context of tumour immunity, examining how this affects tumour progression and immunotherapy outcomes. We examine the molecular mechanisms underlying the crosstalk between angiogenesis and tumour immunity and discuss emerging anti-angiogenic regulators that hold potential for combination therapies. By integrating insights from preclinical and clinical studies, we outline future research directions to address current challenges and optimize cancer treatment strategies through combined anti-angiogenic and immunotherapeutic approaches.
期刊介绍:
Nature Reviews Immunology is a journal that provides comprehensive coverage of all areas of immunology, including fundamental mechanisms and applied aspects. It has two international standard serial numbers (ISSN): 1474-1733 for print and 1474-1741 for online. In addition to review articles, the journal also features recent developments and new primary papers in the field, as well as reflections on influential people, papers, and events in the development of immunology. The subjects covered by Nature Reviews Immunology include allergy and asthma, autoimmunity, antigen processing and presentation, apoptosis and cell death, chemokines and chemokine receptors, cytokines and cytokine receptors, development and function of cells of the immune system, haematopoiesis, infection and immunity, immunotherapy, innate immunity, mucosal immunology and the microbiota, regulation of the immune response, signalling in the immune system, transplantation, tumour immunology and immunotherapy, and vaccine development.