美国退出世界卫生组织(世卫组织),其对全球卫生治理的影响。

IF 4.5 2区 医学 Q1 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
Stephen Olaide Aremu, Akyala Ishaku Adamu, Odinaka Kingsley Obeta, Donald Ofili Ibe, Solomon Ambina Mairiga, Mojisola Ashiat Otukoya, Abdillahi Abdi Barkhadle
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引用次数: 0

摘要

2025年1月20日,美国以对世界卫生组织处理全球卫生危机、政治影响和金融不平等的担忧为由,通过行政命令宣布退出世界卫生组织。本评论探讨了美国与世卫组织关系的历史背景,分析了撤军的理由,并考察了这一决定的全球和国内后果。从历史上看,美国一直是世界卫生组织的重要参与者,提供了大量资金并推动了全球卫生倡议。然而,紧张局势已经出现,特别是在2019冠状病毒病大流行之后,对效率低下、政治偏见和财政差距的指责变得更加明显。此次退出凸显了对世卫组织改革的呼吁,特别是在加强透明度、问责制和效率方面。在全球范围内,美国的离开有可能动摇世卫组织的资金,削弱领导,并阻碍未来的大流行防范。在国内,美国计划将资源重新分配给其他组织,并加强国家卫生能力。批评人士认为,此举可能削弱国际合作,侵蚀信任,损害美国在全球卫生治理中的影响力。本评论最终强调了脱离多边卫生倡议的复杂性和潜在风险,以及对全球卫生安全的更广泛影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The United States withdrawal from the world health organization (WHO), its implications for global health governance.

On January 20, 2025, the United States initiated its withdrawal from the World Health Organization (WHO) through an executive order, citing concerns over the organization's handling of global health crises, political influences, and financial inequities. This commentary explores the historical context of the U.S.-WHO relationship, provides an analysis of the justifications for withdrawal, and examines the global and domestic consequences of this decision. Historically, the U.S. has been a significant player in the WHO, contributing substantial funding and advancing global health initiatives. However, tensions have arisen, particularly following the COVID-19 pandemic, where accusations of inefficiency, political bias, and financial disparities became more pronounced. The withdrawal highlights a call for WHO reform, particularly in enhancing transparency, accountability, and efficiency. On a global scale, the U.S. departure threatens to destabilize WHO's funding, weaken leadership, and hinder future pandemic preparedness. Domestically, the U.S. plans to redirect resources to alternative organizations and enhance national health capacities. Critics argue that this move could weaken international collaboration, erode trust, and damage U.S. influence in global health governance. This commentary ultimately underscores the complexities and potential risks associated with disengagement from multilateral health initiatives and the broader implications for global health security.

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来源期刊
Globalization and Health
Globalization and Health PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH-
CiteScore
18.40
自引率
1.90%
发文量
93
期刊介绍: "Globalization and Health" is a pioneering transdisciplinary journal dedicated to situating public health and well-being within the dynamic forces of global development. The journal is committed to publishing high-quality, original research that explores the impact of globalization processes on global public health. This includes examining how globalization influences health systems and the social, economic, commercial, and political determinants of health. The journal welcomes contributions from various disciplines, including policy, health systems, political economy, international relations, and community perspectives. While single-country studies are accepted, they must emphasize global/globalization mechanisms and their relevance to global-level policy discourse and decision-making.
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